Disruptive families in acute care settings

Nurses General Nursing

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I have been trying to search out information on a topic and am coming up dry. So, I'm turning to my on-line nursing community. Maybe I'm the only one that's had this experience. OR it's something that is negative in nature and not reported.

Here's the deal:

Adult med-surg patient. Nurse and patient getting along OK. But then... some family member/significant other comes into the room, and inserts themselves between the nurse and the patient. This is usually like a twisted sort of advocacy role.

Example: Older lady involved in MVA. Has a non-surgical back, burst fracture at T-12, being managed conservatively with a "turtle-shell" type brace, pain management, PT/OT. Has a daughter that lives about 50 miles away who has been calling the floor multiple times per shift telling us what mom wants and needs and demanding information. Finally, shows up. Sits down on mom's bed literally between patient and nurse, picks up my rounding log and states categorically that I was not in the room at any of the times noted, that the log is a complete fabrication and that her mother was ignored all day. The patient was passive. Didn't correct her daughter.

Another example: Mother of a 45 year old patient tells us we are not medicating her daughter with enough opiate. Then tells us we're giving the daughter too much ("she'll never get off that stuff if you keep giving it to her like that...") on and on. We are incompetent, we are ignoring her, we're giving her too much or not the right medication. Again, the daughter is passive, allows mom to drive all the action.

Another example: Chronically ill middle age woman, brought up from PACU with a lot of co-morbidities. From the jump her sister is taking the pulse ox off the patient because the alarm was disturbing the her (the patient). I explain purpose of pulse ox. Sister says I'm full of it and she doesn't see any reason for the alarm to go off until her sister is in the mid-70's range and if I can't make the alarm fit those parameters, she doesn't want it on at all. (No, the family member has no medical/physiological understanding, is clearly picking a number out of thin air.) Again, the patient is passive.

Common features:

1. There is nothing inherently defective in the nurse-patient relationship.

2. Objections of family member not rational, and are resistant to any explanation or education. (In fact, in my experience any attempt to educate or inform is taken by the disruptive family member as self-defensive excuses by the nurse and validates their complaints.)

3. This behavior places a barrier between nurse and patient that is poisonous, inhibits continuous assessment, treatment and evaluation. Basically short circuits the entire nursing process.

4. It is not directed at any particular nurse, since none of the nurses are competent in the family member's eyes.

5. Lots of threats and implied threats : "I'll contact my lawyer." "Who is the CEO of this place?" "Wait till I tell the newspaper how awful you all are."

Please help me NAME THAT BEHAVIOR? What mesh-heads can I use to search the literature? Is it just me? Do all nurses see this occur? If it's not in the literature, why not?

ANYTHING you can tell me would be appreciated!!!

Specializes in Med-Surg, Trauma, Ortho, Neuro, Cardiac.
sorry, but i'm not buying it. stress is one thing, but being disruptive, verbally abusive and interfering with care has very little to do with stress. people act that way because they feel entitled to act that way. so the term would be "entitled" behavior.

grief, stress and "being human" don't entitle one to act like the north end of a southbound mule.

ruby, whose father died two weeks ago and whose mother has alzheimers and is currently experiencing both grief and stress and (hopefully) is not acting like a horse's patoot.

i'm sorry for your loss ruby. i missed that.

i too agree with you that the type of behavior described is not just "being human". i think it's about control. the passiveness of the patient speaks volumes about the relationship in that the one is very controlling thinking in their sick mind they are taking care of things, and the patient is either borderline emotionally abused, or enjoys the attention.

i hate when the patient actually instigates it. often our patients are resting comfortably, refuse their morning bath, decline pain medication and when a family member walks in they put on a show: writing in pain, complaining no one's bathed them in days, and then the family member acts the fool.

it's a challenge that stresses out the nurse to the max and draws upon every effective communication, limit setting skills we have.

Specializes in CRNA, Finally retired.

Very hard lesson to accept when you're inexperienced- KEEP YOUR BOUNDARIES INTACT. Its not about you or your care. Its about their low emotional intelligence. If you can keep that glass wall intact between you and the misbehaving, it will help you keep in control of the situation, from responding angrily or defensively. Managing difficult people is part and parcel of our jobs and we're not doing enough to educate staff about what is probably the most unpleasant part of the of our duties. Its very hard to let go of your unpleasant inner response to these people, but I guarantee you that you'll leave your shift calmer(and more effective) if you can work on those boundaries. This is tough stuff; it doesn't come without some emotional work.

Very hard lesson to accept when you're inexperienced- KEEP YOUR BOUNDARIES INTACT. Its not about you or your care. Its about their low emotional intelligence. If you can keep that glass wall intact between you and the misbehaving, it will help you keep in control of the situation, from responding angrily or defensively. Managing difficult people is part and parcel of our jobs and we're not doing enough to educate staff about what is probably the most unpleasant part of the of our duties. Its very hard to let go of your unpleasant inner response to these people, but I guarantee you that you'll leave your shift calmer(and more effective) if you can work on those boundaries. This is tough stuff; it doesn't come without some emotional work.
i am not understanding what you are getting at......not a clue.....

These kind of people feel entitled to act however they want to act, period. Once you have explained rationales for treatment, and they continue to be difficult, they need to be dealt with using very specific boundaries "You are NOT allowed to remove equipment. If you do, you WILL be removed and not allowed back in". They don't need an in-deapth description/discussion of WHY you don't remove equipment. It should be a no-brainer that you don't mess with medical equipment because you can hurt the patient. DUH. It's not about a lack of education. It's about a lack of ability to act like a grownup and control one's self....

Specializes in Cardiac, Maternal-child, LDRP, NICU.

The best way to deal with disruptive families is to keep yourself very calm and compose. I have noticed if the families are angry, or demanding if you just listen to what they have to say then calmly suggest them what you think of the situation usually resolves the conflict. If i am unable to do this in peacefully manner because sometimes there's no talking to such families i bring it to my charge nurses attention and she can deal with them. Fortunately, i work with an excellent charge nurse who is good in resolving conflicts with pt's families. So my advice is to listen to family, keep yourself calm and see what happen's then. Then there's always our lovely doctors number hand them the doc's number and they can harass the doctors!!!!! LOL:yeah:

OP here... checking in:

I appreciate all the comments. I can see that this is not limited to my experience alone, so I am feeling better about it all.

Let me make a stipulation here, however. This behavior appears to come from some element that is beyond normal anger, fear, guilt, grieving-process, etc. We are very, very good on our unit with handling conflict, getting accurate information into the hands of pts and families, listening, sometimes just being there (therapeutic presence)... all those things that nurses do... we're very good at. And with our organization, we've set up channels for problems to be examined and responded to beyond our unit into the hierarchy in a timely manner. Charge nurses, NAM's, Quality office... you can get their attention as fast as you need to whether you're a nurse, patient, or irate family member.

etc. etc. etc.

Vis. empathizing with the distraught family member... that is why I am convinced this is pathological behavior.

I'm one of 3 siblings all of whom are nurses. Our dad was hospitalized and died after 10 days. His first night, as he was getting rapidly sicker (we now know it was ARDS) he had a nurse who was clueless. I got way stressed. I was scared, I was frantic. I was abrupt and not very nice. But the focus of my behavior was to get the doctor there NOW, find out WHY Dad's sats were 83% on 100% O2 and DO something about it. I didn't give a rip about the nurse. She was clueless. She was irrelevant. Dad was what mattered.

In trying to read up on this phenomenon, the closest description I can find is called "team splitting" behavior and I've seen it in articles about Borderline Personality Disorder. It's manipulative, has everything to do with secondary gain. (But that literature doesn't fit entirely, either.)

There was a sense in each of these cases where this was a long-standing family dynamic of pathological struggle for control. In at least 1 of the three, I think the family member was more the victim and had probably been manipulated by the patient for years. (Mother of the 45 y.o. patient) With the mom with the T-12 burst fracture, after talking to her other children, there appears to have been a long-standing competition to prove who loves momma most. And this daughter had a long history of using this behavior to keep herself in charge and ahead in the competition.

As these events were happening, I didn't really feel angry. I felt frightened, because I was totally aware, that this family member was trying to take over the pt's care and keep me away from the patient. The family member wanted to be the center of nursing attention. That makes it very, very hard to deal with... because the more you try to satisfy the complaint and attend to the patient THROUGH the family member, the more radical the complaints and demands become. In these cases, the more we do the things that normally work (explaining, educating, listening, empathizing) the worse it gets because it's feeding the secondary gain of the disruptive family member.

Does that make sense?

With those stipulations, has anyone ever had a sense that they were being manipulated by the angry, irrational disruptive family member?

Thanks so much for your thoughts.

I've worked case management for 5 years now, and there's nothing like that job to help you grow a back bone. When I have a family that's causing everyone problems, this is what I do.

I don't back down. I stay in the room, calmly and politely, but I do what needs to be done. I've found that most of the time, uninformed, rude family members are bullies that are used to getting their own way, whether it's at Applebees, Wal-mart or wherever. They assume they know what's best and don't listen to what anyone else has to say. So, I let them say their piece. I make notes while they are talking. When they are done, I ask if "this" is what I've understood them to say. Then I calmly discuss their arguments one by one. It usually works. Not all the time, but usually.

Don't be afraid to pull out the big guns. Yesterday I had a patient's sister who was bordering on refusing to place her sister in an AFC (she was the patient's DPOAHC) because she didn't think her demented sister would like it there. She was also unwilling to have her sister come and stay with her, and was planning on letting the demented sister go back home. After we had discussed all her different options, and I had found her a bed at an AFC (which they had plenty of funds to pay for), and she was still planning on taking her back home to live alone, I told her that if she did, I would call APS. Calmly, and politely, but firmly. I explained that I could not safely discharge the patient to live at home, and she was leaving me with this one option.

Patient's sister took her to the AFC.

Specializes in psych, addictions, hospice, education.

I agree with many who have posted that the behavior is probably due to emotional response to the illness of a loved one. I've been known to be quite a Mama-tiger in some settings, myself.

That being said, you might want to read a bit about borderline personality disorder--that's something that shows its ugly head in times of intense stress (it's always there in people who have it, but gets worse with stress).

I agree with many who have posted that the behavior is probably due to emotional response to the illness of a loved one. I've been known to be quite a Mama-tiger in some settings, myself.

That being said, you might want to read a bit about borderline personality disorder--that's something that shows its ugly head in times of intense stress (it's always there in people who have it, but gets worse with stress).

Yes, I think this is some pathology that predates the hospitalization. Maybe it's BPD. In one case, (the 45 yr. old) we had a stat psych consult. He dx'd the daughter (pt) as BPD. So it was the mother who was being played and the nurses were just part of the game.

Another feature of this "syndrome" is that NO ONE is surprised about it except the nurse. Usually the surgeon (who's seen the patient and family in his office) knew the family was weird. And other family members will apologize for the disruptive member, explaining that he/she is "always like this". But they don't intervene and also express helplessness in dealing with the disrupter.

Bottom line is, the nurse is being separated from any meaningful contact with the patient. Thus, the behavior is a direct threat to the patient's safety (even if it starts with the patient.)

The best way to deal with disruptive families is to keep yourself very calm and compose. I have noticed if the families are angry, or demanding if you just listen to what they have to say then calmly suggest them what you think of the situation usually resolves the conflict. If i am unable to do this in peacefully manner because sometimes there's no talking to such families i bring it to my charge nurses attention and she can deal with them. Fortunately, i work with an excellent charge nurse who is good in resolving conflicts with pt's families. So my advice is to listen to family, keep yourself calm and see what happen's then. Then there's always our lovely doctors number hand them the doc's number and they can harass the doctors!!!!! LOL:yeah:

i find the opposite to be true...

that when they see i've had enough of their nonsense, and set firm, cleary articulated limits, they back off.

i'm telling you, many of us respond favorably to dope slaps.

leslie

Specializes in Med-Surg, Trauma, Ortho, Neuro, Cardiac.
i find the opposite to be true...

that when they see i've had enough of their nonsense, and set firm, cleary articulated limits, they back off.

i'm telling you, many of us respond favorably to dope slaps.

leslie

Well, in these days of "customer service" most of us in acute care don't have that option. Personally, I feel better about myself if I don't dope slap families, although God knows I feel like it sometimes.

i am not understanding what you are getting at......not a clue.....

I can't speak for Subee, but what I got out of that post was we must set boundaries. We must delineate what is acceptable behavior on the part of a family member and not let them cross that line. Also, we must delinate what is acceptable on our part, and usually it's not giving into our base nature which is to get defensive and agruementative, or as earle58 says above "dope slap" them.

tweety, i was 'counseled' re my approach, and for a long time, mgmt decided the peace-loving, "i understand" (enabling) manner was "more therapeutic"...

until, they found, it only made matters worse.

the demands, the accusations, the displaced emotions were escalating.

and to clarify, i do not get argumentative.

my voice is calm, my eyes are fixed and i clearly state the plan of care, the FACTS of the disease process, followed with "i am very sorry that you're in so much pain".

but this 'dopeslap' is effective.

and the med'l director, in our acute care facility, now believes this is the best approach.

(and...we do not have pg to deal with)

leslie

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