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joe17
370 Posts
hi guyz heres something to rememberDigitalis Toxicity includes..
N - nausea
A - anorexia
V - vomiting
D - diarrhea
A - abdominal pain
Drugs which can cause URINE DISCOLORATION
Adriamycyn------ Reddish
Rifabutin--------- Red orange
Rifampicin------- Red orange
Bactrim---------- Red orange
Robaxin--------- Brown, Black or Greenish
Azulfidine------ Orange yellow
Flagyl------------ Brownish
Dilantin---------- Pink tinged
Anti Psychotic-- Pinkish to Red brown
Early signs of hypoxia:
R-restlessness
A-anxiety
T-Tachycardia
Late signs of hypoxia:
B-bradycardia
E-extreme restlessness
D-dyspnea
In pedia-
F-feeding difficulty
I-inspiratory stridor
N-nares flare
E-expiratory grunting
S-sternal retractions
Respiratory Patterns
Kussmaul- fruity acetone breath odor
Cheyne-stokes- near death breathing pattern
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) may affect over 10 million Americans.
The typical symptoms of SAD include depression, lack of energy, increased need for sleep, a craving for sweets and weight gain. Symptoms begin in the fall, peak in the winter and usually resolve in the spring. Some individuals experience great bursts of energy and creativity in the spring or early summer.
Susceptible individuals who work in buildings without windows may experience SAD-type symptoms at any time of year. Some people with SAD have mild or occasionally severe periods of mania during the spring or summer. If the symptoms are mild, no treatment may be necessary. If they are problematic, then a mood stabilizer such as Lithium might be considered. There is a smaller group of individuals who suffer from summer depression.
SAD is recognized in the DSM-IV (The American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic manual) as a subtype of major depressive episode.
Some individuals who work long hours inside office buildings with few windows may experience symptoms all year round. Some very sensitive individuals may note changes in mood during long stretches of cloudy weather.
A sign of improvement from dehydration would be a decreased urine specific gravity and a decreased/decreasing hematocrit. So the SG of 1.015 and a Hct of 46% would be the answer. It is the best answer of the two you had in you question.
The normal urine SG is 1.003-1.035 (Usually between 1.010-1.025 with normal hydration and volume) (different texts give a slightly different range).
SG 1.025-1.030+ (concentrated urine)
SG 1.001-1.010 (dilute urine)
SG 1.001-1.018 in infants under 2 years of age
Specific gravity is a measurement of the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. The range of urine's SG depends on the state of hydration and varies with urine volume and the load of solids to be excreted under standardized conditions; when fluid intake is restricted or increased, SG measures the concentrating and diluting functions of the kidney. Loss of these functions is an indication of renal dysfunction.
SG values usually vary inversely with amounts of urine excreated (decrease in urine volume = increase in specific gravity). However in some conditions this is not the case.
EYE ABBREVIATIONS
OU- both eyes
OR- right eye
OS- left eye
CUSHINGS (Hypersecretion of Adrenal Cortex Hormones)
C = Check VS, particularly BP
U = Urinary output & weight monitoring
S = Stress Management
H = High CHON diet
I = Infection precaution
N = Na+ restriction
G = Glucose & Electrolytes Monitoring
S = Spousal support
ADDISON'S (Hyposecretion of Adrenal Cortex Hormones)
Always Remember the 6 A's of Addison's disease
1.) Avoid Stress
2.) Avoid Strenuous
3.) Avoid Individuals with Infection
4.) Avoid OTC meds
5.) A lifelong Glucocorticoids Therapy
6.) Always wear medic alert bracelet
Hirschsprung’s diagnosed with rectal biopsy looking for absence of ganglionic cells. Cardinal sign in infants is failure to pass meconium, and later the classic ribbon-like and foul smelling stools.
Intussusception common in kids with CF. Obstruction may cause fecal emesis, currant jelly-like stools (blood and mucus). A barium enema may be used to hydrostatically reduce the telescoping. Resolution is obvious, with onset of bowel movements.
With omphalocele and gastroschisis (herniation of abdominal contents) dress with loose saline dressing covered with plastic wrap, and keep eye on temp. Kid can lose heat quickly.
After a hydrocele repair provide ice bags and scrotal support.
No phenylalanine with a kid positive for PKU (no meat, no dairy, no aspartame).
Second voided urine most accurate when testing for ketones and glucose.
Never give potassium if the patient is oliguric or anuric.
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria (looks dark and frothy) caused by glomerular damage. Corticosteroids are the mainstay. Generalized edema common.
A positive Western blot in a child
For HIV kids avoid OPV and Varicella vaccinations (live), but give Pneumococcal and influenza. MMR is avoided only if the kid is severely immunocompromised. Parents should wear gloves for care, not kiss kids on the mouth, and not share eating utensils.
Hypotension and vasoconstricting meds may alter the accuracy of o2 sats.
An antacid should be given to a mechanically ventilated patient w/ an ng tube if the ph of the aspirate is
Ambient air (room air) contains 21% oxygen.
The first sign of ARDS is increased respirations. Later comes dyspnea, retractions, air hunger, cyanosis.
Normal PCWP is 8-13. Readings of 18-20 are considered high.
First sign of PE (pulmonary embolism) is sudden chest pain, followed by dyspnea and tachypnea.
High potassium is expected with carbon dioxide narcosis (hydrogen floods the cell forcing potassium out). Carbon dioxide narcosis causes increased intracranial pressure.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis leads to right sided heart failure.
An NG tube can be irrigated with cola, and should be taught to family when a client is going home with an NG tube.