Anyone Up For Random FACT THROWING??

[CrazyScrubNurse]

OK I know this sounds stupid but I have a friend that gets really freaked out before big tests like finals, HESI, NCLEX, and usually we get together and a few days before I start throwing out random facts at her. On 2 different tests she said the only way she got several questions was from the random facts that I threw at her that she never would have thought of!

SOOOOO..... I thought that if yall wanted to do this we could get a thread going and try to throw out 5 random facts or "things to remember". NCLEX is coming and the more I try to review content the more I realize that I have forgotten so......here are my 5 random facts for ya:

OH and BTW these came from rationales in Kaplan or Saunders no made up stuff:

1️⃣ A kid with Hepatitis A can return to school 1 week within the onset of jaundice.

2️⃣ After a patient has dialysis they may have a slight fever...this is normal due to the fact that the dialysis solution is warmed by the machine.

3️⃣ Hyperkalemia presents on an EKG as tall peaked T-waves

4️⃣ The antidote for Mag Sulfate toxicity is ---Calcium Gluconate

5️⃣ Impetigo is a CONTAGEOUS skin disorder and the person needs to wash ALL linens and dishes seperate from the family. They also need to wash their hands frequently and avoid contact.

Oh, ohh, one more...

? Vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic hormone

OK your turn....

[CrystalClear75, BSN, RN]

Good night all, I didn't realise it was almost 6am. I am starting to get tired. May do a few more questions on my cd---and work on questions from q bank specifically on infection control tomorrow(thanks to Jack posting that thread)...I'm definitely not ready to move on from that yet.

Nighty night:saint:

[Simpleplan]

Good Night

[michelmybell]

hi i am new to this thread and just wanted to add my two cents:twocents::chuckle

1. autonomic dysreflexia--asses bladder, bowel, skin

2. give dantrolene to treat pt. in mh crisis

3. jomacs (mini mental status exam)= judgement, orientation, memory, affect, consciousness, speech

4. -ostomy- make opening

5. -oscopy- look into or at

6. -otomy- cutting into

7. -ectomy- removal of

9. colporrhaphy- surgical repair of the lady parts (very random:chuckle)

10. do not palpate wilm's tumor

11. albumin is the best indicator of nutritional status

12. in v-fib always look at pt first anything can mimic the pattern on ekg

13. v-tach is usually caused by an underlying cause treat cause

14. percipitous delivery may cause amniotic emboli

15. hct: hgb approx 3:1

16. wbc= 5-10 (thousand)

17. platlets= 150-400 (thousand)

18. ppi's stop gastric acid secretion (permanantly)

19. vasoconsrtiction stops itching and inflamation (give cool bath)

20. anticholinergic effects- cant see, cant pee, cant poop, and dry mouth

21. trauma to frontal may casuse frontal lobe disinhibition

22. creatinine is the best indicator of renal funtion

23. every drop of urine counts during 24hr creatinine clearence (if one sample is thrown out must start over) first void of the morning is not included but the first pee of the next morning is (because it is considered last nights urine)

24. best position to improve resp. effort = left lateral, folwer & modifications of it:sstrs::w00t:

p.s this thread is the best thing since slcice bread. i don't even feel like i am studing:yeah:

[Simpleplan]

HI I am new to this thread and just wanted to add my Two cents:twocents::chuckle

1. Autonomic Dysreflexia--asses Bladder, Bowel, Skin.

Sorry had to poke fun at "asses Bladder".

[Simpleplan]

Mnemonic for heart sounds:

All People Enjoy Time Magazine

[2008China]

nclex tips

1. when getting down to two answers, choose the assessment answer (assess,

collect, auscultate, monitor, palpate) over the intervention except in an

emergency or distress situation. if one answer has an absolute, discard it.

give priority to answers that deal directly to the patient’s body, not the

machines/equipments.

2. key words are very important. avoid answers with absolutes for example:

always, never, must, etc.

3. with lower amputations patient is placed in prone position.

4. small frequent feedings are better than larger ones.

5. assessment, teaching, meds, evaluation, unstable patient cannot be

delegated to an unlicensed assistive personnel.

6. lvn/lpn cannot handle blood.

7. amynoglycosides (like vancomycin) cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.

8. iv push should go over at least 2 minutes.

9. if the patient is not a child an answer with family option can be ruled

out easily.

10. in an emergency, patients with greater chance to live are treated first

.

11. ards (fluids in alveoli), dic (disseminated intravascular coagulaton)

are always secondary to something else (another disease process).

12. cardinal sign of ards is hypoxemia (low oxygen level in tissues).

13. in ph regulation the 2 organs of concern are lungs/kidneys.

14. edema is in the interstitial space not in the cardiovascular space.

15. weight is the best indicator of dehydration

16. wherever there is sugar (glucose) water follows.

17. aspirin can cause reye’s syndrome (encephalopathy) when given to

children

18. when aspirin is given once a day it acts as an antiplatelet.

19. use cold for acute pain (eg. sprain ankle) and heat for chronic (

rheumatoid arthritis)

20. guided imagery is great for chronic pain.

21. when patient is in distress, medication administration is rarely a good

choice.

22. with pneumonia, fever and chills are usually present. for the elderly

confusion is often present.

23. always check for allergies before administering antibiotics (especially

pcn). make sure culture and sensitivity has been done before adm. first dose

of antibiotic.

24. cor pulmonale (s/s fluid overload) is right sided heart failure caused

by pulmonary disease, occurs with bronchitis or emphysema.

25. copd is chronic, pneumonia is acute. emphysema and bronchitis are

both copd.

26. in copd patients the baroreceptors that detect the co2 level are

destroyed. therefore, o2 level must be low because high o2 concentration

blows the patient’s stimulus for breathing.

27. exacerbation: acute, distress.

28. epi always given in tb syringe.

29. prednisone toxicity: cushing’s syndrome= buffalo hump, moon face, high

glucose, hypertension.

30. 4 options for cancer management: chemo, radiation, surgery, allow to

die with dignity.

31. no live vaccines, no fresh fruits, no flowers should be used for

neutropenic patients.

32. chest tubes are placed in the pleural space.

33. angina (low oxygen to heart tissues) = no dead heart tissues. mi=

dead heart tissue present.

34. mevacor (anticholesterol med) must be given with evening meal if it is

qd (per day).

35. nitroglycerine is administered up to 3 times (every 5 minutes). if

chest pain does not stop go to hospital. do not give when bp is

36. preload affects amount of blood that goes to the r ventricle.

afterload is the resistance the blood has to overcome when leaving the heart.

37. calcium channel blocker affects the afterload.

38. for a cabg operation when the great saphenous vein is taken it is

turned inside out due to the valves that are inside.

39. unstable angina is not relieved by nitro.

40. dead tissues cannot have pvc’s(premature ventricular contraction. if

left untreated pvc’s can lead to vf (ventricular fibrillation).

41. 1 t (teaspoon)= 5 ml

1 t(tablespoon)= 3 t = 15 ml

1 oz= 30 ml

1 cup= 8 oz

1 quart= 2 pints

1 pint= 2 cups

1 gr (grain)= 60 mg

1 g (gram)= 1000 mg

1 kg= 2.2 lbs

1 lb= 16 oz

* to convert centigrade to f. f= c+40, multiply 9/5 and substract 40

* to convert fahrenheit to c. c= f+40, multiply 5/9 and substract 40.

42. angiotensin ii in the lungs= potent vasodialator. aldosterone attracts

sodium.

43. reverse agents for toxicity

heparin= protamine sulfate

coumadin= vitamin k

ammonia= lactulose

acetaminophen= n-acetylcysteine.

iron= deferoxamine

digitoxin, digoxin= digibind.

alcohol withdraw= librium.

- methadone is an opioid analgesic used to detoxify/treat pain in

narcotic addicts.

- potassium potentiates dig toxicity.

44. heparin prevents platelet aggregation.

45. pt/ptt are elevated when patient is on coumadin

46. cardiac output decreases with dysrythmias. dopamine increases bp.

47. med of choice for vtach is lidocaine

48. med of choice for svt is adenosine or adenocard

49. med of choice for asystole (no heart beat) is atropine

50. med of choice for chf is ace inhibitor.

51. med of choice for anaphylactic shock is epinephrine

52. med of choice for status epilepticus is valium.

53. med of choice for bipolar is lithium.

54. amiodorone is effective in both ventricular and atrial complications.

55. s3 sound is normal in chf, not normal in mi.

56. give carafate (gi med) before meals to coat stomach

57. protonix is given prophylactically to prevent stress ulcers.

58. after endoscopy check gag reflex.

59. tpn(total parenteral nutrition) given in subclavian line.

60. low residue diet means low fiver

61. diverticulitis (inflammation of the diverticulum in the colon) pain is

around ll quadrant.

62. appendicitis (inflammation of the appendix) pain is in rl quadrant with

rebound tenderness.

63. portal hypotension + albuminemia= ascites.

64. beta cells of pancreas produce insulin

65. morphine is contraindicated in pancreatitis. it causes spasm of the

sphincter of oddi. therefore demerol should be given.

66. trousseau and tchovoski signs observed in hypocalcemia

67. with chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic enzymes are given with meals.

68. never give k+ in iv push.

69. mineral corticoids are give in addison’s disease.

70. diabetic ketoacidosis (dka)= when body is breaking down fat instead of

sugar for energy. fats leave ketones (acids) that cause ph to decrease.

71. dka is rare in diabetes mellitus type ii because there is enough

insulin to prevent breakdown of fats.

72. sign of fat embolism is petechiae. treated with heparin.

73. for knee replacement use continuous passive motion machine.

74. give prophylactic antibiotic therapy before any invasive procedure.

75. glaucoma patients lose peripheral vision. treated with meds

76. cataract= cloudy, blurry vision. treated by lens removal-surgery

77. co2 causes vasoconstriction.

78. most spinal cord injuries are at the cervical or lumbar regions

79. autonomic dysreflexia ( life threatening inhibited sympathetic response

of nervous system to a noxious stimulus- patients with spinal cord injuries

at t-7 or above) is usually caused by a full bladder.

80. spinal shock occurs immediately after spinal injury

81. multiple sclerosis= myelin sheat destruction, disruption in nerve

impulse conduction.

82. myasthenia gravis= decrease in receptor sites for acetylcholine. since

smallest concentration of acth receptors are in cranial nerves, expect fatigue

and weakness in eye, mastication, pharyngeal muscles.

83. tensilon test given if muscle is tense in myasthenia gravis.

84. guillain-barre syndrome= ascending paralysis. keep eye on respiratory

system.

85. parkinson’s = rat: rigidity, akinesia (loss of muscle mvt), tremors.

treat with levodopa.

86. tia (transient ischemic attack) mini stroke with no dead brain tissue

87. cva (cerebrovascular accident) is with dead brain tissue.

88. hodgkin’s disease= cancer of lymph is very curable in early stage.

89. rule of nines for burns

head and neck= 9%

each upper ext= 9%

each lower ext= 18%

front trunk= 18%

back trunk= 18%

genitalia= 1% ?

90. birth weight doubles by 6 month and triple by 1 year of age.

91. if hr is

92. first sign of cystic fibrosis may be meconium ileus at birth. baby is

inconsolable, do not eat, not passing meconium.

93. heart defects. remember for cyanotic -3t’s( tof, truncys arteriosus,

transposition of the great vessels). prevent blood from going to heart. if

problem does not fix or cannot be corrected surgically, chf will occur

following by death.

94. with r side cardiac cath=look for valve problems

95. with l side in adults look for coronary complications.

96. rheumatic fever can lead to cardiac valves malfunctions.

97. cerebral palsy = poor muscle control due to birth injuries and/or

decrease oxygen to brain tissues.

98. icp (intracranial pressure) should be

99. dilantin level (10-20). can cause gingival hyperplasia

100. for meningitis check for kernig’s/ brudzinski’s signs.

101. wilm’s tumor is usually encapsulated above the kidneys causing flank

pain.

102. hemophilia is x-linked. mother passes disease to son.

103. when phenylalanine increases, brain problems occur.

104. buck’s traction= knee immobility

105. russell traction= femur or lower leg

106. dunlap traction= skeletal or skin

107. bryant’s traction= children

108. place apparatus first then place the weight when putting traction

109. placenta should be in upper part of uterus

110. eclampsia is seizure.

111. a patient with a vertical c-section surgery will more likely have

another c-section.

112. perform amniocentesis before 20 weeks gestation to check for cardiac

and pulmonary abnormalities.

113. rh- mothers receive rhogam to protect next baby.

114. anterior fontanelle closes by 18 months. posterior 6 to 8 weeks.

115. caput succedaneum= diffuse edema of the fetal scalp that crosses the

suture lines. swelling reabsorbs within 1 to 3 days.

116. pathological jaundice= occurs before 24hrs and last7 days.

physiological jaundice occurs after 24 hours.

117. placenta previa = there is no pain, there is bleeding. placenta

abruption = pain, but no bleeding.

118. bethamethasone (celestone)=surfactant. med for lung expansion.

119. dystocia= baby cannot make it down to canal

120. pitocin med used for uterine stimulation

121. magnesium sulfate(used to halt preterm labor) is contraindicated if

deep tendon reflexes are ineffective. if patient experiences seizure during

magnesium adm. get the baby out stat (emergency).

122. do not use why or i understand statement when dealing with patients

123. milieu therapy= taking care of patient/environment

124. cognitive therapy= counseling

125. crisis intervention=short term.

126. five interventions for psych patients

-safety

-setting limits

-establish trusting relationship

-meds

-leas restrictive methods/environment.

126. ssri’s (antidepressants) take about 3 weeks to work.

127. obsession is to thought. compulsion is to action

128. if patients have hallucinations redirect them. in delusions distract

them.

129. thorazine, haldol (antipsychotic) can lead to eps (extrapyramidal side

effects)

130. alzheimer’s disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative cognitive

disorder that accounts for more than 60% of all dementias

[Joiex]

I found this thread last night and read until I couldn't keep my eyes open. Got up this morning and finished it. I feel like it helped with a lot of stuff I'd forgotten to remember. I transfered a lot of stuff to note cards so I can study on the trip up to take my NCLEX (which is on Tuesday!)

I thought I'd add a few things I'd picked up in my studies:

Fluids:

• 0.45% NaCl - best for dehydration - hypotonic
  
• D5NS - contraindicated in dehydratoin - hypertonic
  
• Lactated ringers - isotonic, used to replace electrolytes
  
• 0.9% NaCl - Isotonic

Pregnancy r/t:

• Add 300 Calories to diet when pregnant, 500 when breastfeeding.
  
• Calcium Gluconate can cause severe chemical burns - most important to check patency of veins when giving (given to a patient experience magnesium sulfate toxicity)
  
• Take prenatal vitamins in the morning with orange juice - acid aids in absorption.

Misc:

• If a tracheostomy tube falls out, replace it immediately (maintain airway) then check for breath sounds.
  
• If patient in Buck's traction is sliding down in bed, elevate the foot of bed with blocks. Keeps leg straight, doesn't alter pull of traction.
  
• When Charting Chief Complaint it should be written in pt's own words.

Pharmacology:

• Artane and Cogentin - Tx for acute extrapyramidal symptoms from antipsychotics
  
• INH - Tx for TB may cause peripheral neuropathy - tingling
  
• Flagyl and Alcohol causes an Antabuse like reaction - n/v, flushed skin

[CrystalClear75, BSN, RN]

For a nurse to treat chest pain with standing orders for the nurse to implement before notifying the physican, heres how the order goes....

Give O2 2L/min(nasal canula)

Check vital signs(particularly blood pressure)

Administer sublingual nitro

Evaluate the client's response

Codeine's onset of action is 30 minutes.

Couple quick laboratory values:

Potassium--normal 3.5-5.5mEq/L( side note: hypokalemia depresses the release of insulin and also results in glucose intolorance)

Chloride--normal--100-110mEq/L

Bun--normal--8-26 mg/dl

Creatinine--normal--0.8-1.4mg/dl

The client with a laryngectomy should keep his house humidified to prevent irritation of the stoma that can occur during low humidity---of course avoid swimming.

[Melinurse]

Lymphedema is the result of removing or irradiating the axillary lymph nodes.

The primary signs of breast cancer are a painless mass in the breast, usually in the upper outer quadrant.

Tamoxifen may help to prevent breast cancer.

After a mastectomy, patients should be advised to sleep on the unaffected side.

Simmond's disease is a rare disorder that results from destruction of the pituitary gland.

Diabetes insipidus results from a lack of antidiuretic hormone.

Aldactone is used to treat ascites, as it specifically antagonizes aldosterone.

A client with cirrhosis of the liver generally will have a prolonged prothrombin time.

:anpom: :anpom: :anpom: :anpom: :anpom: :anpom:

[Melinurse]

is there a way we could get this as a sticky thread so more people can benefit from this discussion?

delirium is a sudden transient state of confusion that may be brought on by high fever, head trauma or other disorders.

in dementia, there is a gradual and irreversible loss of intellectual abilities.

[nursy2008]

Arterial disorders

Buerger's disease- males

Raynaud's disease - females

S/S- cold, numbness, decrease peripheral pulses, skin/nail changes classic sign-Intermittent claudication (pain while walking because O2 demand incr)

Causes of Buerger and Raynaud's disease

-smoking, cold, emotions--causes VASOCONSTRICTION!!

-affects lower extremities and fingers

Treatment- Avoid smoking, avoid cold- Wear gloves and shoes that fit well and avoid trauma to foot

Never elevate legs because aterial blood (oxygenated blood) is having difficulty getting to tissue. Instead we dangle leg at side of bed to promote circulation!!!

[nursy2008]

One more

Radioactive iodine precautions- stay distance of 1 arm length from babies/ preggo within 24 hour period, avoid sharing foods and utensils.