Never Argue With Dementia (and Other Nuggets of Nursing Wisdom)

A veteran RN and nursing director shares a few tips and tricks of the trade, which have been hard-won through years of work as a nurse and even more years of study at the University of Hard Knocks, from which no one ever truly graduates. Nurses Announcements Archive Article

It never fails....you're walking down the hall to check on your new patient when you hear an aide loudly attempting to persuade sweet, confused, deaf-as-a-post Ethel to get into bed "BECAUSE IT'S NIGHTTIME AND EVERYONE IS GOING TO SLEEP!"

Ethel, for her part, is equally determined that she's going outside to wait for her husband on the front porch: "My Robert is going to be home any minute. He'll be so upset if I'm not there to meet him." Insistently, she strips off her hospital gown, spies the bag containing her personal items slung over the back of the wheelchair she arrived in, and begins to dress herself again. "What time is it?" she inquires as she searches frantically for a clock and nearly topples over in her haste to put her shoes back on. "I really must go........"

Now, if you went to nursing school in the 1990s like I did, you were probably taught to try re-orienting Ethel to the current time and place. Back then, a common response to an exit-seeking patient might have been: "Oh, no, Ethel, you can't go outside, it's 9 PM and freezing out. You're in the hospital, honey. Let's put your gown back on---"

WHACK! Sweet little Ethel belts you upside the head with a tiny fist that feels like steel, then lets fly with a primal scream that could pierce the ears of a statue two blocks away. The aide activates the emergency call system and attempts to restrain the 90-pound wildcat, only to meet with a similar punch to the midsection; but within 10 seconds there are enough personnel in the room to take down an NFL offensive lineman. A co-worker produces a Posey vest and some soft restraints, and a few minutes later this elderly lady whose only 'crime' is dementia is fastened in bed, crying for her long-dead spouse with only the sitter at her side for company.

This scenario didn't have to happen. Thankfully it happens less often nowadays, but only because some nurses questioned the "conventional wisdom" and decided it was better to join the confused elderly in their reality, rather than try to yank them rudely back into ours. I look at it this way: if the life you were living back in 1952 with your husband and children was happier than the nursing-home existence you're enduring now, what's the harm in staying there if you want?

I've taken so many interesting trips and seen more distant lands with Alzheimer's patients, and other victims of dementing diseases, than I ever have in real life. I've been to Austria and Germany with one gentleman who's still fighting the Nazis in his lively memory; traveled to parts of Russia and survived a Siberian winter with the fellow who spent the final months of his life in my assisted-living facility; even patrolled the highways with the very first female deputy ever hired in the state. Now why did anyone ever think that dragging these folks back from their glory days was the right thing to do?

Take-home lesson: Arguing with dementia is like trying to teach a pig to sing---it never works, and it annoys the living daylights out of the pig.

Here are a few more nuggets of nursing wisdom for you, if you want them.

1) When a patient tells you he's going to die---even if his vital signs are stable and he looks healthier than you do---believe him.

2) People are more than just a set of diagnoses. Say it's the year 2030, and you're the admissions director of a long-term care facility. A file lands on your desk, and you're asked to evaluate a prospective resident who's got a history of alcoholism, diabetes, HTN, irritable bowel syndrome, GERD, asthma, arthritis, morbid obesity, frequent kidney stones, herpes simplex, UTIs, venous stasis, chronic low back pain, and bipolar disorder II. This is a classic example of what healthcare professionals call a 'train wreck', and you decide not to accept this patient, knowing no one could blame you for it.

Guess what? You just turned away someone you already know pretty well from visiting allnurses on a frequent basis.

3) Do what you love........and if you can't manage that, love what you do. I cannot overemphasize the necessity of having a passion for this work, because if you don't---if you do it only for the paycheck---you will more than likely become cynical and jaded. The job is simply too hard for the average nurse to keep going, year after year, decade after decade, when there are too few rewards for all the blood, sweat, and tears we put into it. There has to be a higher purpose to it (and I don't necessarily mean a religious one) for most of us to survive it with our bodies and minds intact.

So, if you don't like the job you have---or have the job you want---go out and get another one. Being satisfied with what you do for 8 or 12 hours out of the day isn't everything, but it IS a big thing.......and believe me, your patients (not to mention your friends and family) will thank you for it.

Embrace life. Embrace your profession and be proud of it. And never forget to allow the Ethels of the world to at least look out of the window, so they can see for themselves that it really is nighttime.......and know that Robert has arrived home safely.

Oh...

That is the worst!

I did have one patient who got excited when we told her that her husband, Joe, was coming to visit.

She would giggle and get in a dither and insist she had to "put her face on" for Joe.

We would help her put some lipstick on and reassure her that she looked pretty.

It was so cute!

But Joe was her second husband and she would sometimes forget that.

So, she would have periods where she would travel back to when she was married the first time (to a man who had cheated on her).

She would fret and, literally, wring her hands over how she thought he was cheating on her.

Reassurances otherwise did not work. This was a real experience and she was time-warped right back into it... not even remembering Joe.

The pain she was experiencing was heart-breaking and there was nothing we could do, but she did get a lot of hugs.

It is so rough when their reality is not one that is comfortable to stay in. I'm very early in my first LTC job and had a woman who was reliving fear (related to what my gut tells me was a very real long-past sexual assault). I've been encouraged to redirect without making up lies that might compound the situation so when she told me to warn the CNA in the hallway to be careful I said that we in the hall looked out for each other and were looking out for her to keep everyone safe, and howabout your evening peanut butter sandwich? She gave me a great big kiss, stopped fretting, and settled down with her snack. It gave her a few minutes of peace, at least :/

Now if we can just convince the schools to start teaching this preferred method of handling dementia we would ALL be in a much better place! I do the same thing with all dementia patients. It is such a drastic difference in the way they respond to others that try to force them "back into reality" than the few of us that do not.

I wish my school had given me info about it! My first day on the floor for Med-Surg I, I was in the hospital before daybreak with a sundowners lol. She was distressed: she was outside, she was in the wrong hospital room, there was a hallway in her bathroom with a janitor inside, her clothes weren't in her closet. When I asked my instructor how I should handle it, she replied "How do you think you should handle it?" Umm, I've had no training in dementia care and was hoping you could provide me with some evidence-based care info. The best anyone could suggest was to reorient her.

I learned more about dementia care in the 4-hour orientation video at my LTC employer than I did in my entire nursing education.

Thanks you Viva!! This reminded me of an event in a LTC when I was doing clinicals.We had a resident in the dinning room suddenly go catistropic, saying " I've lost my baby" and the regular staff telling her she didn't have a baby, which really cranked her up. Our instructor went over to her, took her hand and calmly said "it's ok, we found your baby. It's safe". She wnt form 60 to 0 in 2 seconds. All she needed was reassurance that her baby had been found. It's amazing what getting into their world will do to help them.

Specializes in long term care Alzheimers Patients.

Viva that is beautiful

Specializes in long term care Alzheimers Patients.
In my way-back days, there was a 100-year-old lady in the LTC where I worked who had been a night-shift LTC nurse herself. The poor thing had outlived two husbands, all five of her children, and even a couple of grandchildren. But she'd worked nights for 50 years, so she went on rounds with me, making her "nurses' notes" on a clipboard and advising me on when I should go find the doctor. I'll never forget the night she greeted me with a big hug and a kiss on the cheek, excitement in her eyes, and a packed suitcase: "My daughter's coming for me! She's picking me up after I get off duty and taking me home with her, isn't that wonderful?" She passed away three nights later.
Viva that is beautiful brought tears to my eyes
Specializes in long term care Alzheimers Patients.

Viva I have to say this one of the best articles I've read on dementia in a long time. I can recall years ago when I worked as a CNA with dementia patients the big thing was to do reality orientation, and how it just upset them. Now I am a charge nurse on a dementia unit, how things have changed,I recall one little old man who would come up to the Nurses station and say I think you girls should get back to work, We would reply yes sir,

Specializes in LTC, assisted living, med-surg, psych.

Thank you!! =)

Specializes in CCU,ICU,ER retired.

What a great topic. I have been a nurse for 38 years and have never understood trying to orient a dementia patient. I have always gone with them instead. That saves so much time and effort. I once went with my Great Aunt to visit my Granny. We walked in and she began telling us about her wonderful day at Galvestion Beach and the picnic she had. My Aunt stopped her and told her she was in a nursing home that my grandfather was dead. She began to just sob. I just sat next to her and ask her to tell me about every little detail and how my grandfather treated her on that day because I never got to meet him. My Aunt wanted to leave and I just told her to leave me there. I slept on a cot and we talked for hours. The cafeteria even made breakfast for me. That was the last time I spent so much time with her. She died a few months later. Now I am sitting here boo hooing over it. That night she eventually cleared up and came back to reality, but she was happier than I had seen her for years.

She told my dad over and over what a wonderful time we had. He said he heard that story every single day until she died. Never underestimate the power of going to their reality.

Specializes in Medsurg/ICU, Mental Health, Home Health.
I had an 85 year old woman convinced she was in labour now night. She streamed, she yelled. Finally, at 2 in the am, I "delivered" the baby, showed him to her and then took him to the nursery. She slept the rest of the night!

I "made" a baby for a patient out of towels once.

Anyway, Marla, I don't know how you do it and with such joy. I guess we were all meant to enjoy different fields of nursing, huh?

Specializes in Med Surg, Parish Nurse, Hospice.

I find that I can deal with my pts that are confused and think it is 1952, but not my own mom. I find myself arguing with her when she tells me these tales. I know that I shouldn't but she is my mom. I miss the mom that she used to be and I will never get back.

Specializes in telemetry, ICU, cardiac rehab, education.

An absolute joy to read this!!! Well done!

Absolutely spot on. When I was working as an aide I found that I got far more cooperation when I wasn't challenging their perception of reality.

I remember one resident I worked with who was noted for being a bit verbally aggressive. It turned out he had been an officer in WW2. I never figured out what rank he was but things worked far better when you called him 'sir'. He seemed to take being called by his first name or even Mr [surname] as a personal affront. I presume he saw us as lower ranking soldiers and thought we were being insubordinate. He would go along with anything that needed to happen providing we both kept low. According to him there were 'd**n [insert one of a selection of impolite terms for a German] snipers' everywhere. Working with him was relatively straightforward once you knew the rules - explaining to the facility manager why your resident was bent over double in the wheelchair and you were pushing at a quick pace whilst crouched down behind was less so. The look on the manager's face when he starting yelling "get down woman! Are you trying to get us all killed?" and then launched into a rant about how that d**n woman had no d**n sense at all and had no business being there was well worth the price of admission.

There was one aide I worked with (eighteen, maybe nineteen years old?) who insisted on trying to reorient everyone and was forever leaving residents in tears. One evening I tried reorienting her. I kept insisting that it was really 2064 and she was an old lady and should act her age. The RN we were working with, who hadn't shown any hint of a sense of humour previously, joined in and confirmed that was indeed 2064 and added that we were in a lunar base as 'no decent person has lived on earth since the late twenty-forties'. I don't know if she got the point we were trying to make but she did start to get fairly angry after a couple of hours of this story. In hindsight it probably was a bit juvenile but I was getting so fed up with her upsetting people who were off in their own little reality, happy, and not hurting anything.