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aleena23
221 Posts
as i remember what i post, i did in the exam was i wrote in the white board the some normal values, formulas, the mnemonics in the infection control
airborne precaution (credit goes to the one who posted this on april thread, sorry can't remember your name) i just re post it again
my - measles
chicken - chickenpox
hez - herpes zoster (disseminated)
tb - tb
private room
negative pressure with 6-12 air exchanges per hour
uv
mask
n95 mask for tb
droplet precaution
think of spiderman!
s - sepsis
s - scarlet fever
s - streptococcal pharyngitis
p - parvovirus b19
p - pertussis
p - pneumonia
i - influenza
d - diptheria (pharyngeal)
e - epiglottitis
r - rubella
m - mumps
m - meningitis
m - mycoplasma or meningeal pneumonia
an - adenovirus
private room
mask
contact precaution
mrs.wee
m - multidrug resistant organism
r - respiratory infection - rsv
s - skin infections
w - wound infections
e - enteric infections - clostridium defficile
e - eye infections
skin infections:
v - varicella zoster
c - cutaneous diptheria
h - herpes simplex
i - impetigo
p - pediculosis
s - scabies, staphylococcus
private room
gloves
gown
insulin, coumadin, heparin, antihypertensives, viagra, digitalis, ritalin, actonel, accutane, anti-ulcer medications, nitroglycern, to name a few. try to look at the suffixes:
ace inhibitors end with 'pril (eg: captopril) *note that this drug increases potassium in the blood,
angiotensinogen 2 inhibitors end in 'sartan (eg: losartan),
beta blockers end with 'olol (eg: metoprolol) *caution with patients who are diabetic or who are asthmatic,
cholesterol reducing drugs usually end with 'statin (eg: atorvastatin) * note that if the patient experiences muscular pain, they should stop immediately and report it to the doctor, also not to consume grapefruit juice,
impotence drugs end with "defil (eg: sildenefil-hope i spelled it correctly...if not please excuse the typo) *note that you cannot take this drug if you are taking nitrates such as nitroglycerin or isosorbide and go to the doctor if an erection last longer than 4 hours,
accutane is an acne drug, where a pregnancy test must be done on females before prescribing them
actonel (again, this may be a typo) cannot be taken unless a person is able to sit up for at least 1/2 hour to an hour after adminstration.
know the acting times of insulin, which is fast acting, long acting or the lente. they may ask when will a person become hypoglycemic, and that would be during peak hours.
penicillin: if a person has an allergy to penicillin, they may be at risk for an allergy to a cephalosporin, in that case suggest a macrolide such as clarithromycin. macrolides are known to cause severe stomach pain for some people. also, if a nurse administers penicillin or cephalosporin, that the patient should remain with the nurse for 1/2 hour afterwards to intervene with allergic reactions.
most drugs that end with 'mycin may cause nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity
parameters for digitalis administration, and also that if potassium is low and calcium and magnesium is high, there is a higher chance for digitalis toxicity.
corticosteriods usually end with 'sone (eg: predinsone), may cause medication related diabetes, increase chances of infection, cause cushoid symptoms (buffalo hump in back, thin skin, easy to bruise, etc...)
aspirin should not be consumed with alcohol, increases bleeding, causes ulcers, should be taken with food to diminish gastric distress
antidote for tylenol is mucomyst.
dont forget your diuretics ... esp. those are imp. also i have some for now ...
meds that end in -sartan=decrease blood pressure, increase cardiac load (used for those who side effect is cough with ace)
angiotensin ii receptor blockers
side effects 2nd degree av block, angina, muscle cramps monitor bun,bp and pulse
-vastatin(lovastatin)=decrease cholesterol, lower tricycerides (note*lipitor at night only do not take with grapefruit juice)
antihyperlipidemics
side effects muscle weakness, alopecia monitor liver/renal profile
cox=osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis(relieve pain by reducing inflammation)
nsaid/co2 enzyme blocker
side effects tinnitus, dizziness monitor bowel habits (could cause gi bleed, platlet count) increase risk of strokes, heart attacks***
tidine=gerd
histamine 2 antagonist(inhibit gastric acids)
side effects agranulocytosis, brady/tachycardia monitor gastric ph/bun ***if taking antacids take one hour after or before taking these drugs***
-prazole=ulcers, indigestion, gerd (take before meals better absorption)
proton pump inhibitors
side effects gas, diarrhea, hyperglycemia monitor lfts
-parin=thin blood, dvt, m.i.,post surgeries (antidote protamine sulfate--check ptt should be 1.5-2.0x) anticoag. decread vit. k levels
side effects hematuria, bleeding, fever monitor ptt, hematocrit and occult testing q 3mths
-pam
-pate
-aze/azo =benzos/antianxiety/anticonvulsants
side effects incontinence, respiratory depression/ monitor for lft, respirations
-caine (anesthetic)
-mab (monoclonal antibodies)
-ceph or cef (cephalosporins)
-cycline (tetracyclines)
-cal (calciums)
-done (opioids)
ganciclovir sodium causes neutropenia and thrombocytopenia and nurse should monitor for s/s of bleeding just as equiv. to a pt. on anticoag. therapy.
ssris and maois used together potentially fatal
caine= local anesthetics
cillin= antibiotics
dine= anti-ulcer agents
done= opiod analgesics
ide= oral hypoglycemics
iam= antianxiety agents
micin= antibiotics
nium= neuromuscular blocking agents
olol= beta blockers
ole= anti-fungal
oxacin= antibiotics
pam= antianxiety agents
pril= ace inhibitors
sone= steroids
statin= antihyperlipidemics
vir= antivirals
zide= diuretics
and i also attached some notes. i also wrote the insulin in the board, some conversion, mnemonics help me a l ot, i hope it helps, goodluck:smiletea2: