Fictional vital sign charting

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Today, as part of my rapid response rounding, I spent an hour at the bedside of a patient who was having respiratory issues secondary to TB and exacerbated by CHF. The whole time I was there, the patient's O2 sat never exceeded 89% despite his being on Hi Flo NC at 100% FIO2 and 30L/min. I had a lovely argument via telephone with the brand new intern who claimed that putting patient on NRB would violate the patient's wife's wishes that he be a partial code and basically disallowed everything except for pressors in the event of a code. (The patient and his wife had no idea that they had apparently signed away their rights to an O2 mask!).

In any case, the doc at one point said, "I just checked his chart, and he looks like he's doing okay.". HUH??? I walked to the nearest computer cart and opened the patient's chart. Sure enough someone had charted the patient's vital signs as O2 sat of 94% on 50% FIO2--ten minutes ago! Up and down the halls I roamed searching for the person who had charted these vitals. The hour I spent in that room, not one other person had come in to take vitals or assess the patient. Apparently it was the CNA. CNAs are responsible for getting vitals on the patients on our med-surg floors. Unfortunately this is not the first time I have found the charted vitals to be completely divorced from reality. Every med-surg patient has a respiratory rate of 18 or 20 for some reason, and nobody's O2 sat is ever below 90 unless the patient is busy for some other reason (diarrhea for instance) and the floor nurses want her/him transferred to a higher level of care. I have noticed that assessments and vitals are especially fictional if the patient, like this one, is on isolation precautions.

I could not find the CNA, but the RN for the patient assured me that the charting must have been a mistake. She thought that the CNA must have charted another patient's vital signs in this patient's chart. I decided not to make a stink about it so as to maintain good relations with the staff on that med-surg floor, but the more I think about it the more I feel that the CNA made up those vital signs just so he wouldn't have to enter the room; the values were much too similar to what the vitals had been 4 hours previously.

What do you think? What would you do? Find the CNA and question him (he pretty much disappeared after that!)? Fill out an incident report. Contact the manager for that floor? I did put a note in the chart stating that I had been at bedside during the time the vitals signs were alleged to have been taken and charted the actual O2 sats and FIO2 on top of the erroneous values.

Specializes in L&D/Maternity nursing.

in our charting you can right click and hit "history" in that time column and it will tell you exactly who entered those numbers/charting. Does yours have this feature?

Specializes in ER, Card Cath, Oncology.

god, that is ridiculous, i cant promise you it's any better in my neck of the woods. would like to talk about more stuff if you want.

Rod

two things to add:

1) i'm rounding and approach a corner in the hall. i stop because i hear the following:

cna 1: "i can't hear the blood pressure, what should i do?"

cna 2: "just write down 120/80, that's a good number." and that's exactly what i found on the vs sheet.

2) when i was much younger and prettier i was loafing around in the stacks at the library (remember stacks?) and came across a slender volume called "ritualistic practices in nursing." that got my attention. i think it's still in print, and its sequel. you'll love it. one of the first cries for evidence-based practice, it mentioned such things as the well-known respiratory synchronicity of an entire floor. when i was a nurses' aide (this was waaay before certification), everyone's rr was 20 unless they looked like they were in distress, in which case it was faster. nobody ever had a rr less than 15, because that was baaaad. in this case, "20" was shorthand for "nonlabored, no distress," and nobody thought otherwise. i went to another hospital for clinicals, and there the shorthand for "no resp distress" was "18," and when i charted "20," there was hell to pay.

now, because i have always had a pretty good oppositional streak, i decided to actually count respirations. imagine. i was so impressed by what i found that i incorporated some new content into teaching when i got to the point of being an instructor later. most people at rest in bed or chair with no respiratory disease have a respiratory rate of around 8-12; you can watch them if they sit in front of you in church or at the movies or something. that's right, 8-12, that horrible level when people start screaming about depressed resps after opioids. bulls***. i can sit in a chair and breathe slowly doing meditation and count my respirations. when i get to 50 i open my eyes and look at the clock and see how many minutes have elapsed-- it's generally in the 7-9 minute range, making my resting rr in the 5-7 range. yet i am not short of breath, or even breathing deeply, and i am far from athletic.

meanwhile, back in the nurses' aide uniform, i decided to see what resps of 20 were like. i looked at my watch and breathed every three seconds. try it. you'll hyperventilate your co2 right on down to dizzy-land. somebody who's really breathing at 20 is in trouble. that's what i have students do now. make your rate 15, a breath q4 seconds, and it's still too fast. i make them do it until they all get woozy, let them recover, and then we chat.

and don't get me started on how automatic bp cuffs are routinely misused. a nurse who can't take a manual bp? no surprise there. nobody does it anymore. after i corrected her, i got a lecture from a ma in my md's office on why it was perfectly ok to put that cuff on upside down, wrapped loosely and crooked over my fleece shirt; she didn't believe me when i told her i have a master's in cardiovascular nursing, worked with one of the first companies to develop that technology (which they checked by concurrent measurements by...nurses), and i knew she was talking through her hat.

i think a few well-placed stories about what nurses really do with those routinely-charted vital signs could open some eyes. they that will not see, get fired. we really can't afford to do it differently.

Specializes in Peds Medical Floor.
LOL. I must be tired. At first glance, I thought your name was "Beer there, done that".

Or thirsty. :D

God, that ****** me off. What's wrong with people?

Relying on someone else, that could potentially "fake" vitals, is a control that I don't think I could give up. Yikes!

i'm with you, rain.

i always do my own vitals...always.

and do everything manually...none of those electronic devices. (well, except temps only because there aren't any mercury ones.)

if i really need a cna to take some for me, i delegate it to the one i trust...

who i know to be a hard and conscientous worker.

(i think we all know who they are, and who the lazy ones are.)

when the cna's do their flowsheets, they write down their numbers/findings.

meanwhile, i'm recording vs in my nsg notes.

if there's a major discrepancy, the aide and i compare notes.;)

and, if a nm or don need to peruse the pt's chart (and nn's on a pt), i will be asked about the discrepancies.:)

what it comes down to is basically the cna is hanging him/herself, by virtue of me taking my own vitals.

it only took one incident for them to know, not to jot random numbers down.

that said, i'd love for cna's to get inserviced as to why vs are so important...

educating them in layman's terms, what ea vs signifies.

i do believe some omit this task, not understanding the need for accurate signs.

maybe a little more insight would motivate some to take them (vs)...and take them seriously.

leslie

Specializes in ICU.

There are a few problems in your post. A non-rebreather does not rescucsitate. They are placed on patients for comfort measures only even....

anyways, I have seen VS fudged before, yes. I also have seen them written under the wrong patient.

Working ICU I have always done my own VS and kind of gotten used to it. If you don't trust them, always redo them yourself.

Specializes in M/S, Travel Nursing, Pulmonary.
There are a few problems in your post. A non-rebreather does not rescucsitate. They are placed on patients for comfort measures only even....

anyways, I have seen VS fudged before, yes. I also have seen them written under the wrong patient.

Working ICU I have always done my own VS and kind of gotten used to it. If you don't trust them, always redo them yourself.

This is about what it comes down too. I know which CNA's I trust and which I don't. I get more done with the one's I don't trust working..........but "quality care" goes out the window because I am primary care without the ratio to reflect is at this point with some of them. PG scores go down if there are too many days with the undesirable CNA's, and the facilities bottom line is affected.

This in and of itself is a matter of cause and effect. Very simple to see, equally easy to fix. Unfortunately, that is where the breakdown occurs:

1. Many RN's are too........caught up in being "on the coworker's side" and "flying under the radar" to report this sort of thing. They don't like the idea of "causing trouble" or getting someone else in trouble, so they turn the other cheek.

2. When an RN does report this sort of behavior, they are given the pat "it's your responsibility anyway" answer or are told to fix it themselves (and the solution to this is to do it yourself, leading us back to square one). Oh, wait.......I left out "I'll get to it, I will address that", and nothing is done.

Management are much too busy making epic decisions like what color of scrubs to approve and what font to use in their latest email that no one will read to be bothered with such trifle issues as false documentation. Why.......they have a meeting at 1pm and have barely even been given time to figure out whether to get donuts for the next employee meeting or not. Can't you handle it yourself?

In the end, CNA's who get used to this sort of behavior begins to believe it is truly acceptable and "the norm". They get to the point where telling them any differently means you are picking on them and taking your bad day out on them. PG scores fall, reimbursement declines, the problem continues..........and then you get told at the next meeting that we are not doing good enough and need to "smile more" or "start serving coffee with the meds" or some other desperate attempt by management/admin. to improve PG scores.

Holy Toledo Batman! But seriously- time for a confrontation. This may be a lazy person who needs to know that this little "mistake" has been discovered. The chart needs corrected and the person who did it needs to do the correcting. People can die over stuff like this. This CNA may not be aware how crucial vitals are in critical patients such as this, and how vital trending is to catch things before they get out of control. If you are sure that this was an error - wrong patient or otherwise- go to the source and get it fixed. Kindly, of course. We ALL make mistakes. But it needs to be pointed out so that the guilty party is a little more cautious next time.

Long ago I had a brief job in a facility where the aides would chart the same weight as last time on any patient who would not cooperate or could not be located. I was an aide then and told that this is how it is done. I told a nurse manager about it before I left the place. I hope something was done. Just saying that sometimes there are people who think that this is ok to do. Not necessarily aides- I have seen RNs chart clear lungs on patients who NEVER have clear lungs and no edema on people who ALWAYS have it. Sheesh. Sometimes people don't even look, they chart like the charting is not that important.

Specializes in ICU/CCU.
There are a few problems in your post. A non-rebreather does not rescucsitate. They are placed on patients for comfort measures only even....

anyways, I have seen VS fudged before, yes. I also have seen them written under the wrong patient.

Working ICU I have always done my own VS and kind of gotten used to it. If you don't trust them, always redo them yourself.

That was the gist of my argument with the intern. He was claiming that the patient's code status disallowed us from using a non-rebreather. On admission, during their code status discussion, the patient and his wife had expressed a wish that he not be intubated nor (supposedly) be placed on bipap. At the bedside, however, the wife was requesting that we give him more oxygen, as he was barely rousable (not his baseline). The wife (who spoke little English) did not seem to understand what exactly she and her husband had agreed to when they worked out his code status with the ED doctor the day before. She didn't understand what bipap was, so how could she have known that her husband wouldn't have wanted it? In any case, I could not see that his status should preclude us from placing at least a NRB on him, and I was having a ridiculous argument about it with the intern. We placed the NRB, his O2 sats went from low 80's to high 90's, and he perked up considerably. Time for a meeting with the palliative care team WITH AN INTERPRETER.

I also always get my own vitals on my patients. I did not realize that the problem of CNAs fudging vitals was so prevalent. I'm slightly horrified. On my next RRT shift, I am going to talk to the manager of the m/s floor on which this incident occurred and relay my concerns to her. I like to give people the benefit of the doubt because, lord knows, I have made my share of charting errors, but something about the situation just doesn't feel right.

I really appreciate everybody's input on this situation. Your stories are unsettling. The scales have fallen from mine eyes!

"One set of vitals- who is to know? He looks ok- obviously they are normal. I will just write the same as last time and no one will know. Just this once..." That is how it starts, any bad habit. Just this once, then easier next time and after a few times- poof! You have a habit.

Maybe a competency program needs implemented. I know they are CNAs. They have been trained and passed off on vitals. But just like with other skills we all get lazy. The nurse who is slack about handwashing and spreads the C Diff. The doc who never gloves up for wound care. You have seen them. You and I don't perform exactly as perfectly as we should either. We learn shortcuts. We are all suffering from sensory overload and overwork. That is why competencies and inservices are important to keep us on our toes. As much as I hate "proving" that I still know how to do things I know I am human and just a few steps of "just this once" away from a bad habit. It is only my paranoia and fear of mistakes that keeps me from slipping.

Maybe you can suggest a competency program for the CNAs? It might spill over into the nursing staff and remotivate them too.

This "not hearing or not seeing things" in assessment, well I have to say MDs sometimes do it as well... different motivational forces at work...

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