When Hospice Goes Wrong

Hospice is a wonderful resource in the vast majority of end-of-life situations. They comfort and counsel, provide pain relief, and offer the patient and family both physical and psychosocial care. But every now and again, a patient slips through the cracks in the system and doesn't get the care they need when they need it most. Here's what happened when hospice failed my family. Nurses Announcements Archive Article

"Do not go gently into that good night...Rage, rage against the dying of the light."

That was my husband's philosophy after being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in the summer of 2013. He'd fought bravely for two and a half years, and most of that time had been good. But the drugs his oncologist gave him had failed, and there were no other options than to go on strong chemotherapy, which the doctor admitted would only prolong his life for a few months and make him miserable in the meantime.

Faced with these horrible circumstances, Will and I broached the subject of hospice. Having worked closely with the various agencies in our area, I was quite impressed with their services and had learned a lot about end-of-life care. It was awful to think of Will as needing hospice, but his prognosis was so grim that it seemed entirely appropriate. He agreed readily, and so began his final odyssey.

It wasn't long before we discovered how wonderful our chosen hospice agency was. Will had a nurse and massage therapist, both of whom came once a week to check up on him and make sure we had adequate supplies. He also was given a comfort pack filled with drugs he might need for nausea, vomiting, pain and agitation. They didn't bring any morphine or Dilaudid because he wasn't close to dying at the time and was relatively comfortable, but promised they would when he needed it. So I never gave it a second thought.

Months passed, and although it was obvious that he was failing, Will remained pain-free...until that night.

It came on all of a sudden. He'd been having one of his bad days, but this was unlike anything he'd ever experienced before---a tearing, stabbing pain in his abdomen along with severe nausea and vomiting. My son, an LPN, grabbed the pain meds and antiemetics, and we gave him everything we had, to no avail. We called hospice so they could bring him the heavy-duty pain meds; unfortunately Will's nurse wasn't on call, so we ended up with another nurse who was clearly uninterested in driving the 25 miles to our home to deliver them. She warned us against calling 911 because he would be "kicked off hospice", but offered nothing of substance.

Meanwhile, my husband was crying in pain. This was a man who once broke an ankle as we were moving house and continued without stopping, never complaining, so we knew he was in desperate straits. By this time he was vomiting blood in large amounts and going into shock. We called hospice again, and this time the nurse advised us to admit him to the hospice house. It would be another two hours before he was transported, all without relief from the pain.

"Why do I have to suffer like this?" he cried out repeatedly, breaking my heart and making me feel helpless. I didn't have an answer.

At long last, the transport van arrived and we went to the hospice facility where nurses quickly prepared Versed and Dilaudid injections. It was still another hour or so until he got adequate relief, but the compassionate care he was given there stood in stark contrast with that of the on-call nurse. He passed away in the early morning hours, and thank God he was comfortable. But what he went through because of the unnecessary delay in pain relief is something that will haunt me the rest of my days.

After all was said and done, I reported these events to the grief counselor, who is still seeing me every few weeks to help me process what happened. Of course I will never know if or how that nurse was dealt with, but I felt better knowing that someone knew about it and had brought it to the attention of people who could actually do something to make sure it never happens again.

I don't blame the hospice agency; I blame the individual nurse. His own nurse would never have let Will suffer like that, and when his massage therapist heard about it she was appalled. They both came to his funeral and sent sympathy cards, and they are the ones I'll remember with love forever.

Yes, hospice is a wonderful thing, and I'm grateful for all the help my husband received prior to that last night of his life. But when hospice goes wrong, it goes terribly wrong, leaving survivors to deal not only with their loved one's death, but the awful feeling that they didn't do everything that could be done.

CeciBean said:
I had some bad experiences with hospice too, though. Like the time I called a patient's oncologist when I suspected she was having a GI bleed (she had breast cancer) and he said "What do you want me to do about it? She's a hospice patient. She's a DNR!" As if DNR meant "do not treat anything"! Or later on, when my father-in-law was admitted to hospice with his lung cancer and the nurse did such a terrible job of med teaching that his wife was basically overdosing him with his morphine. When my sister-in-law got a good look at what was going on, she called the agency and the result was a different nurse, better teaching, less morphine, and a wonderful quality of life for him for the remaining months. (The other nurse was shifted to a job not dealing with patients, at least for awhile; Pops was apparently not the only patient who'd nearly OD'd in her care.)

I have a little different perspective here. Regarding the "near OD" on pain meds, this is a huge issue in hospice care. Each pt and family falls somewhere on a spectrum between "no narcotics at all because we are afraid of him being tired or getting addicted" to "comfort by any means necessary even if he is unresponsive" to "just give him the whole bottle and end his pain for good"and there are also laws and standards of care guiding what the hospice can do. Everyone has a different opinion of how much morphine is too much for a terminal pt.

As far as the GI bleed in a cancer pt I'll say it again: DNR does not mean do not treat BUT comfort measures only CAN mean do not treat for a cure. There is a big difference between a pt who is elderly but relatively healthy and just doesn't want CPR, and a hospice pt (remember pts must be terminal with less than 6 months prognosis to go on hospice)

Many times i would hear people say "i know he is dying from dementia but i don't want him to die from pneumonia" or "if she dies from her cancer its okay but i won't have her bleed to death" not realizing that the dementia is causing the pt to aspirate constantly and thus causing the pna, or the cancer is causing low platelets or a tumor is eroding an artery and causing the bleeding. Or staff say "well we can't just watch her suffocate, we have to start bipap!" on a pt with end stage COPD who has expressed they are ready to go, is maybe blue but resting comfortably and had specifically stated they never wanted bipap again.

Not to say the poster i quoted was wrong about the specific situations mentioned. But it is so easy for people emotions and opinions to cause major bitterness about end of life care. Carefully assessing each person's beliefs and priorities along with extensive education about disease processes is absolutely critical when dealing with end of life. If time was taken to do this it could prevent so much suffering.

Specializes in Psych.

I am so very sorry for your loss.

Specializes in SICU, trauma, neuro.
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I like to think of three other possibilities for the on call nurse, 'clearly uninterested' may draw out to be much different in her shoes,l. She could have been much further than 25 miles than you think, she could have been with a patient and had another patient who had passed away that she needed to be with first, she could have a car that can't get out of first gear, she could merely be an office nurse handling information from the office only

Bolding/italics corresponding to the statement which I'm responding to:

If she wasn't able to respond to calls, she had no business being on call. I have been put on call for my ICU job during low staffing, and I always make sure the charge nurse knows it takes me 40 minutes to get in (even with sleeping in scrubs with a lunch pre-packed) from the time they call. Or once when I was a CNA, an RN made a mistake and didn't realize she was on the schedule...when the charge nurse called her, she had to be honest and say she had just taken a sleeping pill and had a glass of wine and was unfit for duty.

If an on call nurse was 50 miles away, she still had the responsiblity to get there asap. That's assuming she didn't have any rules about how quickly she needed to be able to respond. If she didn't have transportation, if she was being paid to be on call she needed to call a cab or Uber so that she could arrive at the client's home promptly.

This could have been a real possiblity, that she was with another client who had died moments before Viva's call. However it would have been reasonable to tell Viva "I'm terribly sorry, but I am unable to leave this client's side right at this moment. I will try to reach a colleague or my supervisor, OR if I am unable I will be there as soon as I physically can, and I will get your husband's pain under control." Not to simply refuse to come, refuse to treat his pain, and give him no advice other than "Don't call 911 or he'll lose hospice services."

Any way you slice it, her conduct and professionalism was unacceptable.

Specializes in SICU, trauma, neuro.
jdub6 said:
I have seen hospices put one nurse on call for a 500 mile region and insist the pts be told they are within the same county, and I've seen managers tell nurses to tell their pts the exact things you were told.

:eek: That is...disgusting. That's also a horrible position to put a nurse in... I still think the nurse as a professional, should not agree to be in that position. "It takes 8 hours to respond to a call 500 miles away. 1) that math doesn't work for the length of my on-call shift, and 2) no I will not lie to a client about my ability to respond. My professional code of ethics forbids it."

I get that people need to work, but at what point do we NEED to do what's right and not whatever unethical practice an agency insists upon? What if they were instructing the nurse to give placebos to save money? Instructing nurses to falsify documentation to increase payments?

Why should an agency's money-hunger absolve everyone from professional misconduct?

I was a Hospice Nurse for 10 &1/2 years. I am appaud and ashamed, of the "on call" Nurse response. He or She should have made a home visit, and given your husband the appropriate medication. A hospice patient should never be out of symptom control. I apologize, to you and your family, for the lack of care you experienced.

Specializes in Hospice + Palliative.

I am so sorry for the angst that you went through in such an already difficult time :( As a hospice nurse, I am horrified at this situation. and frankly, confused. I have never experienced an agency that doesn't include pain meds in the comfort kit. That's standard practice; and while it sounds like the on call nurse was not very good, it should never fall on her to deliver meds (in fact, at least in my state, it is illegal for nurses to deliver medications to a pt's home) She very well could have felt helpless because the case manager did not adequately prepare in having the medications available in the home. if it really is agency policy not to order the pain meds until they're needed....that is deplorable.

Here.I.Stand said:
:eek: That is...disgusting. That's also a horrible position to put a nurse in... I still think the nurse as a professional, should not agree to be in that position. "It takes 8 hours to respond to a call 500 miles away. 1) that math doesn't work for the length of my on-call shift, and 2) no I will not lie to a client about my ability to respond. My professional code of ethics forbids it."

I get that people need to work, but at what point do we NEED to do what's right and not whatever unethical practice an agency insists upon? What if they were instructing the nurse to give placebos to save money? Instructing nurses to falsify documentation to increase payments?

Why should an agency's money-hunger absolve everyone from professional misconduct?

Again, I'm not necessarily justifying the conduct of the nurse in the OP because i don't know the circumstances. I have never known a hospice on call nurse to take a job knowing they will be covering a huge region or told to lie about staffing. What happens in my experience is they take the job having been told "we split this region between 4 nurses. " suddenly the nurse finds themselves either placed on the schedule alone or being begged to cover a shift alone- "everyone else quit/didn't show/ is on fmla, we are working on it, if you don't do it we will have no on call staff at all." So, it's either leave the shift totally uncovered or do the best you can to help. And then it's mentioned that "we don't want to alarm the pts so try not to let them realize that we are short staffed."

Many agencies in this area are perpetually hiring for multiple positions at once. The bad conditions lead to high turnover which leads to bad conditions, etc. The nurses don't agree to this when hired, they find it dumped on them at the last minute and it's always "can you just help us get through this rough patch as we hire new staff/ until 3 people come off fmla/etc.?"

And this isn't just one rogue hospice- Google "hospice lawsuit" or "hospice profit" and see what you find. Of course there are also many great agencies out there that do things ethically- although even they may find themselves short staffed as it costs more money to hire sufficient staff and do things right.

4boysmama said:
I am so sorry for the angst that you went through in such an already difficult time :( As a hospice nurse, I am horrified at this situation. and frankly, confused. I have never experienced an agency that doesn't include pain meds in the comfort kit. That's standard practice; and while it sounds like the on call nurse was not very good, it should never fall on her to deliver meds (in fact, at least in my state, it is illegal for nurses to deliver medications to a pt's home) She very well could have felt helpless because the case manager did not adequately prepare in having the medications available in the home. if it really is agency policy not to order the pain meds until they're needed....that is deplorable.

It is illegal in my state for a nurse to deliver controlled meds as well. It is actually an arrestable offense to be found with someone else's narcotics in your car.

What no one has mentioned yet is an agency can have whatever policies they like about pain meds but the pt still needs a prescription. I have seen some attending physicians who are very hesitant to order any pain meds even when someone is beginning to show symptoms- and in advance "just in case? " forget about it. If that doctor refers a lot of their pts to that agency then the agency may not want to go around the doc by having the agency MD prescribe the natcs.

Some families are very resistant to the idea of morphine when the pt is comfortable also. If a nurse pushes too hard to have meds available for emergencies some pts/families will become uncomfortable thinking hospice is just trying to drug people into oblivion. (Not saying that was the case in the PP's). It's a tricky spot for the case manager to advocate without alienating people.

Specializes in Geriatrics.

My dad was on hospice and had oral pain meds that took the edge off. He developed a GI bleed and oral meds weren't working for his excruciating pain. When we called hospice, they actually advocated for taking him to the ER where he could more quickly get IV meds. We did so. They stated that he could easily be readmitted to hospice when he came home. I knew that wasn't going to happen and later that same day, my sweet daddy died. But he died free of pain. That was the important thing. I'm so sorry that you had that one horrible nurse. Unfortunately, there are some, who do this job without the heart for it.

"If a nurse isn't willing to drive 25 miles to ease a patient, she should maybe think of another field where it isn't 24/7."

I couldn't agree with that statement more! That's the whole point of being on call!

Shame on that nurse. The primary nurse may have been wonderful, BUT the patient is on hospice for a reason and everything should have been in place. Even more so, as she knew she was going to be away.

I work in long term care, and have had the same issue with an unwilling on call nurse. Our providers are sometimes reluctant to give us orders for the morphine and Ativan without a hospice recommendation. I will ask them when we admit the patient to their service to give me the recommendation for those drugs, so I have them just in case. I am so sorry for your loss, and that your husband had to suffer like that. That is the whole reason for hospice, and I am appalled at the treatment (or lack of) by that nurse. Maybe she needs to change professions?

Specializes in Schoolnurse,homehealth,specialneeds,IHS.

Well I hope she was fired and complaint put into board of nursing. She doesn't deserve to be a nurse