Never Argue With Dementia (and Other Nuggets of Nursing Wisdom)

A veteran RN and nursing director shares a few tips and tricks of the trade, which have been hard-won through years of work as a nurse and even more years of study at the University of Hard Knocks, from which no one ever truly graduates. Nurses Announcements Archive Article

It never fails....you're walking down the hall to check on your new patient when you hear an aide loudly attempting to persuade sweet, confused, deaf-as-a-post Ethel to get into bed "BECAUSE IT'S NIGHTTIME AND EVERYONE IS GOING TO SLEEP!"

Ethel, for her part, is equally determined that she's going outside to wait for her husband on the front porch: "My Robert is going to be home any minute. He'll be so upset if I'm not there to meet him." Insistently, she strips off her hospital gown, spies the bag containing her personal items slung over the back of the wheelchair she arrived in, and begins to dress herself again. "What time is it?" she inquires as she searches frantically for a clock and nearly topples over in her haste to put her shoes back on. "I really must go........"

Now, if you went to nursing school in the 1990s like I did, you were probably taught to try re-orienting Ethel to the current time and place. Back then, a common response to an exit-seeking patient might have been: "Oh, no, Ethel, you can't go outside, it's 9 PM and freezing out. You're in the hospital, honey. Let's put your gown back on---"

WHACK! Sweet little Ethel belts you upside the head with a tiny fist that feels like steel, then lets fly with a primal scream that could pierce the ears of a statue two blocks away. The aide activates the emergency call system and attempts to restrain the 90-pound wildcat, only to meet with a similar punch to the midsection; but within 10 seconds there are enough personnel in the room to take down an NFL offensive lineman. A co-worker produces a Posey vest and some soft restraints, and a few minutes later this elderly lady whose only 'crime' is dementia is fastened in bed, crying for her long-dead spouse with only the sitter at her side for company.

This scenario didn't have to happen. Thankfully it happens less often nowadays, but only because some nurses questioned the "conventional wisdom" and decided it was better to join the confused elderly in their reality, rather than try to yank them rudely back into ours. I look at it this way: if the life you were living back in 1952 with your husband and children was happier than the nursing-home existence you're enduring now, what's the harm in staying there if you want?

I've taken so many interesting trips and seen more distant lands with Alzheimer's patients, and other victims of dementing diseases, than I ever have in real life. I've been to Austria and Germany with one gentleman who's still fighting the Nazis in his lively memory; traveled to parts of Russia and survived a Siberian winter with the fellow who spent the final months of his life in my assisted-living facility; even patrolled the highways with the very first female deputy ever hired in the state. Now why did anyone ever think that dragging these folks back from their glory days was the right thing to do?

Take-home lesson: Arguing with dementia is like trying to teach a pig to sing---it never works, and it annoys the living daylights out of the pig.

Here are a few more nuggets of nursing wisdom for you, if you want them.

1) When a patient tells you he's going to die---even if his vital signs are stable and he looks healthier than you do---believe him.

2) People are more than just a set of diagnoses. Say it's the year 2030, and you're the admissions director of a long-term care facility. A file lands on your desk, and you're asked to evaluate a prospective resident who's got a history of alcoholism, diabetes, HTN, irritable bowel syndrome, GERD, asthma, arthritis, morbid obesity, frequent kidney stones, herpes simplex, UTIs, venous stasis, chronic low back pain, and bipolar disorder II. This is a classic example of what healthcare professionals call a 'train wreck', and you decide not to accept this patient, knowing no one could blame you for it.

Guess what? You just turned away someone you already know pretty well from visiting allnurses on a frequent basis.

3) Do what you love........and if you can't manage that, love what you do. I cannot overemphasize the necessity of having a passion for this work, because if you don't---if you do it only for the paycheck---you will more than likely become cynical and jaded. The job is simply too hard for the average nurse to keep going, year after year, decade after decade, when there are too few rewards for all the blood, sweat, and tears we put into it. There has to be a higher purpose to it (and I don't necessarily mean a religious one) for most of us to survive it with our bodies and minds intact.

So, if you don't like the job you have---or have the job you want---go out and get another one. Being satisfied with what you do for 8 or 12 hours out of the day isn't everything, but it IS a big thing.......and believe me, your patients (not to mention your friends and family) will thank you for it.

Embrace life. Embrace your profession and be proud of it. And never forget to allow the Ethels of the world to at least look out of the window, so they can see for themselves that it really is nighttime.......and know that Robert has arrived home safely.

Specializes in LTC/Rehab, ICF/MR, Mental Health.

I think going back to their reality is more fun than my own at times. Nothing gives you insight to your patient then hearing them talk about the past.

love your post. it is so true everything you have written about. Believe it that if they' re going to die tonight they do before your shift is over. poor you as you have code blue!

for your dementia patients their past is their present, respect it and enjoy their stories more or less... so "make a molehill out of a mountain "

Make a molehill out a mountain. I've never heard it said in quite those terms before, but what a wonderful way to describe what we should be doing!

Specializes in LTC.

I love this! I spent a whole weekend serving the "G--D--- Queen of England", it really was fun, if with perhaps more cursing that I would imagine the Queen using.

Now if we can just convince the schools to start teaching this preferred method of handling dementia we would ALL be in a much better place! I do the same thing with all dementia patients. It is such a drastic difference in the way they respond to others that try to force them "back into reality" than the few of us that do not.

There are some in my facility that are also still mobile. They are currently not my patients and live down other nurse's halls. They will try over and over and over again to get themselves over to my hall though to "hang out" with me and my own dementia patients. Staff from their own hall will (infrequently) come and try to retrieve their own patients and get them to stay in their own hall. One of the patients that just keeps right on coming back to my hall finally had enough. When asked why he wanted to keep coming back over to our hall instead of is own he said "Well they are crazy over there! They keep insisting I am in a nursing home and I live there now!" "They make me so angry I want to belt them one!" "I have work to do and they keep trying to stop me!" Indeed he will belt them one too. I simply hand him paper and pencils and let him "calculate and recalculate" to his hearts content. I tell him the deliveries are all out and the meeting has been rescheduled for Monday. He did a great job this week! He stays calm and non-combative that way.

ALL dementia patients that I have seen others try to "reorient to reality" have wound up displaying some type of negative behavior due to it. NEVER have I seen it actually work and the patient suddenly accept their actual reality. Pft who would want to anyway?

Nice :)

I learned what I know about dementia patients from two decades of working with this most fascinating and rewarding population.

I observed and learned every single day of those 20+ years and I can get the most difficult patient to do what I need them to do... but I have to come into their world and I have to work on their timeline.

Dementia patients require time and we need to learn to work around them.

If this could only really really happen, I do believe we would see less aggression and agitation.

Oh, I could write a darn book!

Has anyone ever seen the old educational film about reorienting dementia patients?

It was a documentary from the 60's and it brought a tear to my eye.

It confirmed everything I believe... that reorientation is an ignorant and heartless practice.

In this film (which was filmed long long before HIPAA) a group of dementia patients were filmed during a session in which they reoriented.

The distress and pain that this reorientation elicited was heartbreaking.

The occupational therapist, who played the film for us, said to me, "I knew you would appreciate this!"

I sure did.

Every time you tell a dementia patient their mother is dead is like telling them for the first hot-dang time!

Yes, let's just rip that wound right back open afresh!

I have to shut up now.

Just the thought of all this makes me greatly agitated!

lol

Specializes in ICU.

Beautiful article, as always, Viva. As a new grad on orientation 3 years ago, I was attempting to ask a patient about *her* reality instead of reorienting her to ours, and I was scolded by my preceptor. It never made sense to me, the way we are "supposed" to do it, as they will never believe us anyways!! I suppose that 60 years down the line, I will be insisting that I need to go give room 10 their meds or suction room 12...I hope that whoever is taking care of me will "let" me!

I've packed bags and sat in train stations.

I've doled out payroll.

I've taken dictation.

I've gone shopping.

I've checked the stove.

I've travelled to 1952 and back.

Man, we do a lot with our dementia patients!

Specializes in LTC, assisted living, med-surg, psych.

In my way-back days, there was a 100-year-old lady in the LTC where I worked who had been a night-shift LTC nurse herself. The poor thing had outlived two husbands, all five of her children, and even a couple of grandchildren. But she'd worked nights for 50 years, so she went on rounds with me, making her "nurses' notes" on a clipboard and advising me on when I should go find the doctor. I'll never forget the night she greeted me with a big hug and a kiss on the cheek, excitement in her eyes, and a packed suitcase: "My daughter's coming for me! She's picking me up after I get off duty and taking me home with her, isn't that wonderful?" She passed away three nights later.

I've packed bags and sat in train stations.

I've doled out payroll.

I've taken dictation.

I've gone shopping.

I've checked the stove.

I've travelled to 1952 and back.

Man, we do a lot with our dementia patients!

I seem to spend a lot of time checking train timetables, planning trips, finding out why husbands are late home from work, making sure the baby is okay, reassuring people they don't have to worry about the cost of staying another night because the room is 'on the house' tonight, and agreeing that it's very irritating the way these meals are served at unsuitable times but suggesting we probably should all have something to eat while the food is there.

I seem to spend a lot of time checking ...why husbands are late home from work...

Oh...

That is the worst!

I did have one patient who got excited when we told her that her husband, Joe, was coming to visit.

She would giggle and get in a dither and insist she had to "put her face on" for Joe.

We would help her put some lipstick on and reassure her that she looked pretty.

It was so cute!

But Joe was her second husband and she would sometimes forget that.

So, she would have periods where she would travel back to when she was married the first time (to a man who had cheated on her).

She would fret and, literally, wring her hands over how she thought he was cheating on her.

Reassurances otherwise did not work. This was a real experience and she was time-warped right back into it... not even remembering Joe.

The pain she was experiencing was heart-breaking and there was nothing we could do, but she did get a lot of hugs.

Specializes in cardiology/oncology/MICU.

When I was first a CNA, I worked with Maxim Healthcare. I was sent to a place that had locked Alzheimers unit and of course that is where the "agency guy" was always assigned. I loved to watch the old CNA's work with the demented patients. I learned right away that there is no reasoning or logic or redirection for someone with advanced dementia. You just gotta role with it. The saddest thing though was a little old lady from Norway. Every night while the bulk of the patients began to pack up their stuff to go home cause it's getting dark, she would cower in her bed and call out over and over on the call light making sure that we had locked the doors and were keeping a look out. She had lived during the time of WWII and was terrified that the Germans were coming. That was certainly one of the most heart breaking things to date that I have experienced all of these years later.

Luv your writing style!