OK I know this sounds stupid but I have a friend that gets really freaked out before big tests like finals, HESI, NCLEX, and usually we get together and a few days before I start throwing out random facts at her. On 2 different tests she said the only way she got several questions was from the random facts that I threw at her that she never would have thought of!
SOOOOO..... I thought that if yall wanted to do this we could get a thread going and try to throw out 5 random facts or "things to remember". NCLEX is coming and the more I try to review content the more I realize that I have forgotten so......here are my 5 random facts for ya:
OH and BTW these came from rationales in Kaplan or Saunders no made up stuff:
1️⃣ A kid with Hepatitis A can return to school 1 week within the onset of jaundice.
2️⃣ After a patient has dialysis they may have a slight fever...this is normal due to the fact that the dialysis solution is warmed by the machine.
3️⃣ Hyperkalemia presents on an EKG as tall peaked T-waves
4️⃣ The antidote for Mag Sulfate toxicity is ---Calcium Gluconate
5️⃣ Impetigo is a CONTAGEOUS skin disorder and the person needs to wash ALL linens and dishes seperate from the family. They also need to wash their hands frequently and avoid contact.
Oh, ohh, one more...
? Vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic hormone
Hyperemesis gravidarum is persistant nausea/vomiting of pregnancy that interferes with nutrition & fluid balance.
The woman with hydatidiform mole ( gestational trophoblastic disease ) should get follow up medical care for at least a year for possibility of choriocarcinoma. Advise pt. not to get pregnant during this time.
3 s/s of preeclampsia are, HTN, edema, & proteinuria.
Eclampsia is when the woman has a seizure.
A positive non-stress test indicates heart accelerations & is reassuring of fetal health.
TORCH diseases of pregnancy include: toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes, the o stands for others.
Rhogam is given within 72 hours to the Rh-negative mother who delivers a Rh-positive baby.
The postpartum check should include: status of fundus, lochia, breasts, perineum, Homan's sign, pain, evidence of parent-baby bonding.
Untreated scoliosis can affect lungs (affect pulmonary function) by the pressure on the thoracic area.
Pt's who had hydatidiform mole are instructed to wait a year until getting pregnant...are at risk for cancer and need monitoring for a year.
Discharge planning begins as soon as the pt gets to the facility.
With iron defiency anemia, hemoglobin is below 11g/L and hematocrit drops below 32%.
For addisonian crisis, do NOT give potassium for they are hyperkalemic...give normal saline for they will be hyPOnatremic. Give corticosteroids(hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone) to correct adrenal hypofunction.
Diabetes insipidus commonly occurs after a transphenoidal hypophysectomy within 24 hours...increase fluid intake...and after surgery, elevate HOB....client must refrain from coughing, sneezing or blowing nose to prevent pressure on the surgical graft to close the wound...and also, visual distrubances may be a complication after the surgery.
Amniocentesis identifies....chromosomal defects, neural tube defects, sex of the baby. Can be used to measure fetal lung maturity ONLY in the 3rd trimester.
A blood test between 24-28 weeks gestation to determine if pt has gestational diabetes.(glucose tolerance test.)
For testing deep tendon reflexes, support the joint while the tendon is being tested in order to prevent muscle from contracting. Use flat side (not pointed)on the reflex hammer when striking achiles tendon. The pointed end is used when striking over smaller areas.
Decrease fetal heart rate that coincides with contractions i.e decelerations that occur at the same time as contractions is called an early deceleration. No worry about fetal distress, this is when head is compressing during labor.
Prolonged decelerations is caused from fetal bradycardia that last 60-90 seconds. Occurs in response to sudden vagal stimulation. May indicate fetal distress.
Late decelerations occur at the beginning of a contraction, lowest point of the deceleration is when the contraction ends.
Emetrol(phosphorated carbohydrate solution) can be given to pregnant clients with morning sickness.
At 0 station, the presenting part is at the level of the ischial spines. Above zero is - and below is +(+ is closer to delivery).
- Anorexia: Everything slows down your body needs FOOD! Bradycardia, Hypotension, Decreased Temp, Constipation, scaly dry skin, amenorrhea X 3 months consecutively, cyanosis and numbness of extremities.
- Ankle Brachial Index > 0.9 indicative of PVD (peripheral vascular disease). If PVD, elevate leg but NOT above the level of the heart. Smoking is #1 cause of PVD.
- Chelation therapy in kids. Normal serum level should be less than 10mg/dl. If 20 - 44 inspect environment, you start ORAL chelation > 45 and IV chelation therapy >70. WATCH OUT FOR THE KIDNEYS, chelation is hard on the kids (no pun intended :).I&O, Bun, Ct, etc)
- Nocturia seen in R heart Failure (in addition to systemic fluid congestion JVD, edema, RUQ pain, hepatosplenomegaly)
- Vistaril, the perfect pre op med, potentiates narcotics (decreased need for pain meds), decreases secretions, decreases anxiety, decreases nausea/vomiting.
- Ig A found in breast milk
- Serum Uric Acid Levels (2 - 7ish8ish)
- Gout - monoarticular (ONE JOINT, usu big toe "toe-phi" :), RA bilateral, uniform and OsteoArth is weight bearing joints.
- LPNs CAN do routine assessments such as auscultating for lung sounds...don't let this throw you off ! They can't take admissions, do discharges or "hard core" patient teaching. They can re-inforce what RN said or show patients how to do REALLY BASIC things... (The Priority/Delegation/Assignments book by Laharti is gr8! Stop by a Barnes and Nobles, order an Italian sandwich and read that book!)
- Apical puls is at 4th intercostal for kids (not 5th like it is in adults). I believe if they are under 3 y/o its at the 4th intercostal.
- Down Syndrome babies are really FLEXIBLE, but have hypotonic muscles, increased incidence of leukemia (so if they present with bruises suspect leukemia over child abuse), Brushfields spots, Simian crease, wide gap btw first and second toe.
- Ig A breAst milk
- Incontinence, dementia, decrease in cognition or intelligence are NOT normal changes with aging
- If you're patient is FLEXed (muscle tension) give them FLEXERIL, but make sure they haven't been on an MAO (Nardil, Parnate, Marplan, etc) in the past 2 weeks.
- Hemmorrhagic Fevers such as Ebola, Lassa, Marburg are airborne + contact precautions.
- Leprosy, HIV, Infectious Mono is STANDARD PRECAUTIONS.
Concussion is a jarring of the brain inside the skull with temp. loss of conciousness.
Contusion is a bruise that can be subdural or extradural collections of blood.
Epidural hematoma is most serious type of hematoma, caused by arterial bleed, forms between dura & skull from tear in meningeal artery, emergency surgery needed!
Subdural hematoma forms slowly from venous bleed. Monitor LOC.
Subarachnoid heorrhage bleeding directly into the brain, ventricles or subarachnoid space.
For lumbar puncture position the patient lying on the side with the legs pulled up to the abdomen & with the head bent toward the chest. ( or as close to this as pts. flexability allows.)
Hypertension is persistent elevation of the systolic blood pressure above 140 mm Hg and a diastolic above 90 mm Hg. Is most significant predictor of developing coronary artery disease. Primary HTN = no known cause Secondary HTN = occurs as result of other disorders such as cardiac disorders, renal, endocrine, pregnancy or medications. May be no symptoms at first. Symptomatic usually = organ damage.
Creatine Kinase (CK): Enzyme specific to brain, myocardium and skeletal muscle - elevated level indicative of tissue necrosis or injury (ex. acute MI) - Normal Range - Men 12-70 U/ML; Women 10-55 U/mL
Take a history of the dietary intake over the past several days to ensure the period extends beyond 24 or 48 hours. The diet assessment history gives insight into the individuals' daily routine, dietary habits, and patterns. Evaluate the diet to note areas of deficiency.
Perform a physical examination of the individual to determine height, weight, BMI, overall hydration status, and general condition.
Anthropometric (comparing measurements of the individual from previous exams) examination will establish normal growth and alert the health care provider to abnormalities in growth.
Biochemical analysis or evaluation of the individual's molecular findings.
Melinurse
2,040 Posts
Hyperemesis gravidarum is persistant nausea/vomiting of pregnancy that interferes with nutrition & fluid balance.
The woman with hydatidiform mole ( gestational trophoblastic disease ) should get follow up medical care for at least a year for possibility of choriocarcinoma. Advise pt. not to get pregnant during this time.
3 s/s of preeclampsia are, HTN, edema, & proteinuria.
Eclampsia is when the woman has a seizure.
A positive non-stress test indicates heart accelerations & is reassuring of fetal health.
TORCH diseases of pregnancy include: toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes, the o stands for others.
Rhogam is given within 72 hours to the Rh-negative mother who delivers a Rh-positive baby.
The postpartum check should include: status of fundus, lochia, breasts, perineum, Homan's sign, pain, evidence of parent-baby bonding.