Your worst nightmare

Nurses General Nursing

Published

I was tempted to call this story the 'no name story' so as to avoid being accused of misleading or creating 'click-bait.' But this time, I actually think what I'm about to tell you, has to be your worst nightmare. I also hope to give plenty of detail, so you get a clear picture.

It happened to a good friend, in the same A&E department, in a poor part of east London.

The hospital was in a poor neighborhood, and 2/3 of the patients first language was anything but English, many people were on government support, and the neighborhood was not the safest in daylight, let alone night time.

Regardless, myself and many fellow kiwis and aussies worked there as agency/temp nurses, especially night shifts, due to the regular work, as well as the large number of fellow antipodeans. On any given shift, half the staff were agency.

I'd spent 6 months working there, with a good friend Amber (not her real name) who was a very skilled, hard working nurse. She was manning the acute assessment unit - this unit ordered bloods/ecg's etc, so by the time a patient got to the doctor, they had something to work with.

So a 50yr old African man walks in with chest pain, and is sent to Amber. The pain is only on movement, no SOB, good colour, not cold/clammy/sweaty, in fact looks well. His ECG is normal, and he is in no pain when lying on the bed. The pain is left and right sided, and only returns when he moves ie got up from the bed.

It turns out he'd begun a weight training program the day before, and he'd been doing bench presses. His CK was a little elevated, but his tropinin normal (I can't remember which specific one, and I know they've got more accurate testing these days) but as the pain had begun the morning after the workout, and it was now evening, everything seemed ok.

The patient was a non-smoker, and had no previous medical hx of note.

Amber felt it unlikely to be cardiac, but of course ran the results and history past the doctor. The doctor signed the ECG to say he'd reviewed it, put a time and date, and said he could be a category 3 (which meant about a 2hr wait).

Anyway, the patient and his wife don't feel like waiting, especially as all the tests seem fine, and they ask Amber if he's okay to leave. She tell them they still need to see the doctor, as it's not her call to make.

The family wait 2hrs, only for the department to be swamped with some nasty traumas, and the doctor wouldn't be seeing them anytime soon. Amber kept checking on him, and he'd had no further pain (unless he stretched or moved a lot) and felt fine, and they decided to leave. They didn't sign a self-discharge form.

The next night, Amber and I are in resus when an ambulance blue lights in a patient, and Amber finds herself doing compressions on the man from the previous night.

'You said it wasn't his heart' screamed his wife at Amber, (which she hadn't, but you can understand the grief) while Amber had tears streaming down her face.

The man dies.

As an agency nurse, Amber didn't get support from management, so we discussed what to do. She decided to photocopy her notes, as well the ECG from the previous night.

She's called into a meeting with management the following day, and I go as her support person, and we're sitting in an office, and we hear the head doctor approaching with a bunch of big-wigs from the hospital, and we clearly hear him say 'she's done for, she messed up.'

Amber confronts him on this, and he doesn't have a reply, but they accuse her of not doing her job, and say the man did not get an ECG. We all go through the notes together and the ECG is missing. She tells them she did do one, and the doctor signed it, and gave his name, but they don't believe her.

'Well it's just as well I have a copy then don't I' she says, producing the copy of the ECG.

This action saved her. Saved her career, and saved her from a witch hunt.

She eventually was cleared of any wrong doing, although management were never confronted about the missing ECG, which would have helped them find someone to blame.

Anyway, that's one of the agency experiences that has taught me not to trust anyone.

Specializes in critical care.

In my facility, chest pain gets you an admission. Period. You would also be attached to telemetry immediately. OP, even though the patient left AMA, the facility did not approach his care appropriately. The reason chest pain buys you an admission is because you may initially have a negative troponin and an unremarkable ekg because the zone of injury isn't ischemic yet. That patient would have benefitted from some nitro, an antiplatelet, and constant telemetry monitoring.

I imagine floating as an agency nurse, you didn't get cardiac patients frequently regularly enough to get acquainted with how chest pain typically would get handled. Perhaps this is why you're not getting why people are finding "holes" in what you are saying. Your story doesn't match typical standards of care. On top of that, copying parts of the chart for personal use was inappropriate. Whether it saved her butt or not doesn't matter. The fact that it was missing from the chart makes no sense. It could possibly be the one thing that gets the facility off the hook for negligence. If the ekg showed normal sinus rhythm, maybe it wasn't noteworthy enough for the MD to remember. I mean, heck.... The guy wasn't even assessed by the MD yet.

Anyway, OP, I think you and I have different ideas of "worst nightmare". I would think this was the wife's worst nightmare. As a nurse, I document the heck out of everything, so my butt would have been covered. But, if I were the nurse, I would have also slapped on telemetry leads and nitro paste. I also would have made sure the patient understood that cardiac issues don't always show up as soon as the pain starts.

In my facility, chest pain gets you an admission. Period. You would also be attached to telemetry immediately. OP, even though the patient left AMA, the facility did not approach his care appropriately. The reason chest pain buys you an admission is because you may initially have a negative troponin and an unremarkable ekg because the zone of injury isn't ischemic yet. That patient would have benefitted from some nitro, an antiplatelet, and constant telemetry monitoring.

g as an agency nurse, you didn't get cardiac patients frequently regularly enough to get acquainted with how chest pain typically would get handled. Perhaps this is why you're not getting why people are finding "holes" in what you are saying. Your story doesn't match typical standards of care. On top of that, copying parts of the chart for personal use was inappropriate. Whether it saved her butt or not doesn't matter. The fact that it was missing from the chart makes no sense. It could possibly be the one thing that gets the facility off the hook for negligence. If the ekg showed normal sinus rhythm, maybe it wasn't noteworthy enough for the MD to remember. I mean, heck.... The guy wasn't even assessed by the MD yet.

Anyway, OP, I think you and I have different ideas of "worst nightmare". I would think this was the wife's worst nightmare. As a nurse, I document the heck out of everything, so my butt would have been covered. But, if I were the nurse, I would have also slapped on telemetry leads and nitro paste. I also would have made sure the patient understood that cardiac issues don't always show up as soon as the pain starts.

Actually, I"m pretty comfortable with chest pain, and spent enough time with heart patients.

In this case, he was only in pain on movement, he'd recently begun a weight training program, which included bench presses, his vitals normal, no pain while in unit (except on movement) and to be honest, he wasn't my patient, and I'm pretty sure he wasn't monitored, but simply kept in the unit until the doctor was free. The initial bloods, ECG and the absence of pain, and the doctor signing off on the ECG meant his triage time was longer - a category 3 in this case.

As I mentioned earlier, I've seen many places do different things, some like you've described, as in anyone with chest pain, regardless of how unlikely a heart related cause, was placed on a monitor and has a workup. Other places have all adult patients who are considered a 'majors' case, which is below resus, to have an ECG. I remember one kid, who was 16yrs old and fainted after being pulled over by the cops and issued a ticket. I have to admit I wouldn't have normally done an ECG on a kid for fainting, but did one found the lad in AF. He spontaneously reverted after about half an hour. I'm not sure what follow-up if any he received, if any.

I used to be familiar with troponins and waiting times, although I hear there's even more accurate tests, and that time has since been reduced, but you could probably tell me more on that.

I also find it interesting that you'd slap on 'nitro paste' on a patient who has no symptoms and whose obs and ECG are fine. I'm also surprised you're the one administering this, it sounds, without a doctor's consent. Is that a standing order where you are? I'm very familiar with GTN sprays and tablets, but not the patch - but then I've been a school nurse for 10yrs, so way out of date.

Am very curious about the paste, and your administering it to a asymptomatic patient - would like to hear more.

Specializes in critical care.
Actually, I"m pretty comfortable with chest pain, and spent enough time with heart patients.

In this case, he was only in pain on movement, he'd recently begun a weight training program, which included bench presses, his vitals normal, no pain while in unit (except on movement) and to be honest, he wasn't my patient, and I'm pretty sure he wasn't monitored, but simply kept in the unit until the doctor was free. The initial bloods, ECG and the absence of pain, and the doctor signing off on the ECG meant his triage time was longer - a category 3 in this case.

As I mentioned earlier, I've seen many places do different things, some like you've described, as in anyone with chest pain, regardless of how unlikely a heart related cause, was placed on a monitor and has a workup. Other places have all adult patients who are considered a 'majors' case, which is below resus, to have an ECG. I remember one kid, who was 16yrs old and fainted after being pulled over by the cops and issued a ticket. I have to admit I wouldn't have normally done an ECG on a kid for fainting, but did one found the lad in AF. He spontaneously reverted after about half an hour. I'm not sure what follow-up if any he received, if any.

I used to be familiar with troponins and waiting times, although I hear there's even more accurate tests, and that time has since been reduced, but you could probably tell me more on that.

I also find it interesting that you'd slap on 'nitro paste' on a patient who has no symptoms and whose obs and ECG are fine. I'm also surprised you're the one administering this, it sounds, without a doctor's consent. Is that a standing order where you are? I'm very familiar with GTN sprays and tablets, but not the patch - but then I've been a school nurse for 10yrs, so way out of date.

Am very curious about the paste, and your administering it to a asymptomatic patient - would like to hear more.

If there is any possibility that a vessel is occluded, you want to prevent death of tissue in the heart. You need to dilate the vessels to improve blood flow to the muscle. Nitro paste isn't to treat the pain. It's to treat the cause of the pain (tissue ischemia from insufficient blood flow), whether the pain is still present or not. MIs can occur as NSTEMIs. They are not always reflected in an ekg. But this patient did require telemetry. You cannot rule out cardiac causes of chest pain until you've completely ruled out cardiac causes of chest pain. That doesn't happen by ekg and initial troponin alone.

Also - you keep reiterating that the pain was with movements. Did you consider that the movements may be increasing the heart rate, placing additional strain on the heart? I concede the point that the patient didn't present as though it would end up being cardiac. However, you can't walk away from chest pain. You just can't, and your story is why. That patient should have gone unstable inpatient, not at home. That patient might have lived.

As for nitro paste administration - many hospitals have ED protocols that allow for the administration of nitro for chest pain provided hemodynamics are stable enough for it (SBP>90 or 100, depending on parameters set by protocol). I can't speak for other facilities, but for mine, anyone with an admission CC of CP gets nitro in their PRNs automatically. No MD conversation necessary for that. Obviously you'd contact the MD ASAP to make them aware of a change I status if the patient went unstable.

If there is any possibility that a vessel is occluded, you want to prevent death of tissue in the heart. You need to dilate the vessels to improve blood flow to the muscle. Nitro paste isn't to treat the pain. It's to treat the cause of the pain (tissue ischemia from insufficient blood flow), whether the pain is still present or not. MIs can occur as NSTEMIs. They are not always reflected in an ekg. But this patient did require telemetry. You cannot rule out cardiac causes of chest pain until you've completely ruled out cardiac causes of chest pain. That doesn't happen by ekg and initial troponin alone.

Also - you keep reiterating that the pain was with movements. Did you consider that the movements may be increasing the heart rate, placing additional strain on the heart? I concede the point that the patient didn't present as though it would end up being cardiac. However, you can't walk away from chest pain. You just can't, and your story is why. That patient should have gone unstable inpatient, not at home. That patient might have lived.

As for nitro paste administration - many hospitals have ED protocols that allow for the administration of nitro for chest pain provided hemodynamics are stable enough for it (SBP>90 or 100, depending on parameters set by protocol). I can't speak for other facilities, but for mine, anyone with an admission CC of CP gets nitro in their PRNs automatically. No MD conversation necessary for that. Obviously you'd contact the MD ASAP to make them aware of a change I status if the patient went unstable.

The patient walked away, and I don't know all the reasons why, but I know he knew the doctor had seen his ECG, said he could afford to wait, and would have felt his pain most likely the result of starting the gym. I still don't see nitros administered in this case if the patient is comfortable, but then that would not be my call, either the doctor or a policy - although it would have been interesting (and perhaps life saving) to see the effects of some GTN.

Specializes in critical care.
The patient walked away, and I don't know all the reasons why, but I know he knew the doctor had seen his ECG, said he could afford to wait, and would have felt his pain most likely the result of starting the gym. I still don't see nitros administered in this case if the patient is comfortable, but then that would not be my call, either the doctor or a policy - although it would have been interesting (and perhaps life saving) to see the effects of some GTN.

.......GTN is nitro.......

Specializes in critical care.

And again, I reiterate, angina does not need to remain constant in a cardiac event. Nitro, in my opinion, is indicated here. It is not treating the pain, so whether the pain is still present at that moment is irrelevant. If this is the beginning of an MI, a blood vessel is obstructed. Nitro helps that. It is dilating the blood vessels, thereby increasing flow to the heart muscles. Provided hemodynamics are stable, and the patient is not on meds that interact, you are hurting nothing by taking this precaution and potentially life saving intervention.

.......GTN is nitro.......

Um, I know, glycerly tri nitrate/nitrite - never sure if it's ite or ate

Specializes in critical care.
Um, I know, glycerly tri nitrate/nitrite - never sure if it's ite or ate

Okay, then I'm confused. You said you don't see nitro being administered, but then said you'd be curious to see if GTN would be of benefit, as though the two were different things from one another.

And again, I reiterate, angina does not need to remain constant in a cardiac event. Nitro, in my opinion, is indicated here. It is not treating the pain, so whether the pain is still present at that moment is irrelevant. If this is the beginning of an MI, a blood vessel is obstructed. Nitro helps that. It is dilating the blood vessels, thereby increasing flow to the heart muscles. Provided hemodynamics are stable, and the patient is not on meds that interact, you are hurting nothing by taking this precaution and potentially life saving intervention.

And you're probably right, and it may have saved his life, in fact it probably would have. If it was ischaemia, I would have expected some changes, perhaps some ST elevation, or something else. Sadly, I cannot remember the follow-up as in any further monitoring, blood tests, or further ECG's, although I'm sure there must have been something more, but it was 10yrs ago, just before I left the hospital scene.

Okay, then I'm confused. You said you don't see nitro being administered, but then said you'd be curious to see if GTN would be of benefit, as though the two were different things from one another.

Yes, because I originally saw no indication for it, but after listening to what you say, and the fact he died 24hrs later, it would have been worth a try.

Specializes in Oncology.
I remember one kid, who was 16yrs old and fainted after being pulled over by the cops and issued a ticket. I have to admit I wouldn't have normally done an ECG on a kid for fainting, but did one found the lad in AF. He spontaneously reverted after about half an hour. I'm not sure what follow-up if any he received, if any.

What country was that in?

No EKG for syncope? No follow up for AF? It's beginning to sound like another planet.

What country was that in?

No EKG for syncope? No follow up for AF? It's beginning to sound like another planet.

Just a question for the general community - would a teenager with a faint automatically get an ECG?

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