ase = thrombolytic
-azepam = benzodiazepine
-azine = antiemetic; phenothiazide
-azole = proton pump inhibitor, antifungal
-barbital = barbiturate
-coxib = cox 2 enzyme blockers
-cep/-cef = anti-infectives
-caine = anesthetics
-cillin = penicillin
-cycline = antibiotic
-dipine = calcium channel blocker
-floxacin = antibiotic
-ipramine = Tricyclic antidepressant
-ine = reverse transcriptase inhibitors, antihistamines
-kinase = thrombolytics
-lone, pred- = corticosteroid
-mab = monoclonal antibiotics
-micin = antibiotic, aminoglycoside
-navir = protease inhibitor
nitr-, -nitr- = nitrate/vasodilator
-olol = beta antagonist
-oxin = cardiac glycoside
-osin = Alpha blocker
-parin = anticoagulant
-prazole = PPI’s
-phylline = bronchodilator
-pril = ACE inhibitor
-statin = cholesterol lowering agent
-sartan = angiotensin II blocker
-sone = glucocorticoid, corticosteroid
-stigmine = cholinergics
-terol = Beta 2 Agonist
-thiazide = diuretic
-tidine = antiulcer
-trophin = Pituitary Hormone
-vir = anti-viral, protease inhibitors
-zosin = Alpha 1 Antagonist
-zolam = benzo/sedative
-zine = antihistamine
Pharm Facts
-Don’t give non-selective beta-blockers to patients w/respiratory problems
-Vitamin C can cause false +ive occult blood
-Avoid the ‘G’ herbs (ginsing, ginger, ginko, garlic) when on anti-clotting drugs (coumadin, ASA, Plavix, etc)
-ASA toxicity can cause ringing of the ears
-No narcotics to any head-injury victims
-Mg2+ toxicity is treated with Calcium Gluconate
-Do not give Calcium-Channel Blockers with Grapefruit Juice
-Oxytocin is never administered through the primary IV
-Lithium patients must consume extra sodium to prevent toxicity
-MAOI Patients should avoid tyramine:
oAacados, bananas, beef/chicken liver, caffeine, red wine, beer, cheese (except cottage cheese), raisins, sausages, pepperoni, yogurt, sour cream.
-Don’t give atropine for glaucoma – it increases IOP
-Don’t give ant-acids with food -- b/c it delays gastric emptying.
-Don’t give Stadol to Methadone/Heroin Preggo’s -- cause instant withdrawal symptoms
-Insulin – clear before cloudy
-Don’t give meperidine (Demerol) to pancreatitis patients
-Always verify bowel sounds when giving Kayexelate
-Hypercalcemia = hypophosphatemia (and vice versa)
-Radioactive Dye – urine excretion
-Signs of toxic ammonia levels is asterixis (hands flapping)
-D10W can be substituted for TPN (temporary use)
-Dopamine and Lasix are incompatible
-Hypoglycemic shivers can be stopped by holding the limb, seizures cannot (infants)
-Common symptom of aluminum hydroxide – constipation
-Thiazide diuretics may induce hyperglycemia
-Take iron with Vit C – it enhances absorbtion – Do not take with milk
-B1 - For Alcoholic Patients (to prevent Wernicke’s encephalopathy & Korsakoff’s synd)
-B6 - For TB Patients
-B9 - For Pregnant Patients
-B12 - Pernicious anemia, Vegetarians.
-Complications of Coumadin - 3H’s - Hemorrhage, hematuria & hepatitis
-FFP is administered to DIC b/c of the clotting Fx
-Mannitol (osmtic diuretic [Head injury]) crystallizes at room temp – use a filter needle
-Antianxiety medication is pharmacologically similar to alcohol –used for weaning Tx
-Administrate Glucagon when pt is hypoglycemia and unresponsive
-Phenazopyridine ( Pyridium)--Urine will appear orange
-Rifampicin -- Red-urine, tears, sweat)
-Hot and Dry = sugar high (hyperglycemia)
-Cold and clammy = need some candy (hypoglycemia)
-Med of choice for V-tach is lidocaine
-Med of choice for SVT = adenosine or adenocard
-Med of choice for Asystole = atropine
-Med of choice for CHF is Ace inhibitor.
-Med of choice for anaphylactic shock is Epinephrine
-Med of choice for Status Epilepticus is Valium.
-Med of choice for bipolar is lithium.
-Give ACE inhibitors w/food to prevent stomach upset
-Administer diuretics in the morning
-Give Lipitor at 1700 since the enzymes work best during the evenin
-Common Tricyclic Meds - 3 syllabes (pamelor, elavil)
-Common MAOI’s - 2 syllables (nardil, marplan)
-TPN has a dedicated line & cannot be mixed ahead of time
-RHoGAM -- Given at 28 weeks & 72 hrs postpartum
-Do not administer erythromycin to Multiple Sclerosis pt
-Benadryl and Xanax taken together will cause additive effects.
-Can't take Lasix if allergic to Sulfa drugs.
-Acetaminophen can be used for headache when the client is using nitroglycerin.
-Dilantin - can not give with dextrose. Only give with NS.
Addison is skinny ( hypoglycemic, you get weight loss, you got weakness, and you get postural hypotn) Cushing is fat ( hyperglycemic, you get moon face big cheeks, and you retain a lot of Na and fluid)
-Never Give via IVP:
oKCL
oHeparin
oIbuprofen
oInsulin
oDobutamine
oASA
oAlbumin
oAcetaminophen
-Insulin:
oRapid: lispro – onset
oShort: Regular – onset ½ - 1 hr. Peak: 2-3hr. Duration: 4-6 hr
oInt: NPH or Lente – onset: 2 hr. Peak 6-12 hr. Duration: 16-24hr
oLong: Ultralente – onset 4-6 hr. Peak: 12-16 hr. Duration: >24hr
oV.Long: Lantus – onset 1 hr. Peak: None. Duration: 24 hr continuous
-Anticholergic Side Effects:
oCan’t See
oCan’t Pee
oCan’t Spit
oCan’t Sh*t
-Hypocalcemia – CATS
oConvulsions
oArrythmias
oTetany
oSpasms & Stridor
-Hyper Kalemia Causes: ‘MACHINE’
oMedicationa (ace inhibitors, NSAIDS)
oAcidosis (metabolic & repiratory)
oCellular destruction (burns, traumatic injuy)
oHypoaldosteronism, Hemolysis
oNephrons, renal failure
oExcretion (impaired)
-Signs of increased K ‘ Murder’
oMuscle weaknes
oUrine – olyguria, anuria
oRespiratory distress
oDecreaed cardiac contractility
oECG Changes
oReflexes – hyperreflexia, or flaccid
-Substance Poisoning and Antidotes
oMethanol -- Ethanol
oCO2 -- Oxygen
oDopamine -- Phentolamine
oBenzo’s (Versed) -- Flumazenil
oLead -- Succimer, Calcium Disodium
oIron -- Deferoxamine
oCoumadin -- Vitamin K
oHeparin -- Protamine Sulfate
oThorazine -- Cogentine
oWild Mushrooms - Atropine
oRat Poison - Vit K
-Parkland Formula: 4cc * Kg * BSA Burned = Total Volume Necessary
o1st 8hrs – ½ total volume
o2nd 8hrs – ¼ total volume
o3rd 8 hrs – ¼ total volumes
