ase = thrombolytic -azepam = benzodiazepine -azine = antiemetic; phenothiazide -azole = proton pump inhibitor, antifungal -barbital = barbiturate -coxib = cox 2 enzyme blockers -cep/-cef = anti-infectives -caine = anesthetics -cillin = penicillin -cycline = antibiotic -dipine = calcium channel blocker -floxacin = antibiotic -ipramine = Tricyclic antidepressant -ine = reverse transcriptase inhibitors, antihistamines -kinase = thrombolytics -lone, pred- = corticosteroid -mab = monoclonal antibiotics -micin = antibiotic, aminoglycoside -navir = protease inhibitor nitr-, -nitr- = nitrate/vasodilator -olol = beta antagonist -oxin = cardiac glycoside -osin = Alpha blocker -parin = anticoagulant -prazole = PPI’s -phylline = bronchodilator -pril = ACE inhibitor -statin = cholesterol lowering agent -sartan = angiotensin II blocker -sone = glucocorticoid, corticosteroid -stigmine = cholinergics -terol = Beta 2 Agonist -thiazide = diuretic -tidine = antiulcer -trophin = Pituitary Hormone -vir = anti-viral, protease inhibitors -zosin = Alpha 1 Antagonist -zolam = benzo/sedative -zine = antihistamine Pharm Facts -Don’t give non-selective beta-blockers to patients w/respiratory problems -Vitamin C can cause false +ive occult blood -Avoid the ‘G’ herbs (ginsing, ginger, ginko, garlic) when on anti-clotting drugs (coumadin, ASA, Plavix, etc) -ASA toxicity can cause ringing of the ears -No narcotics to any head-injury victims -Mg2+ toxicity is treated with Calcium Gluconate -Do not give Calcium-Channel Blockers with Grapefruit Juice -Oxytocin is never administered through the primary IV -Lithium patients must consume extra sodium to prevent toxicity -MAOI Patients should avoid tyramine: oAacados, bananas, beef/chicken liver, caffeine, red wine, beer, cheese (except cottage cheese), raisins, sausages, pepperoni, yogurt, sour cream. -Don’t give atropine for glaucoma – it increases IOP -Don’t give ant-acids with food -- b/c it delays gastric emptying. -Don’t give Stadol to Methadone/Heroin Preggo’s -- cause instant withdrawal symptoms -Insulin – clear before cloudy -Don’t give meperidine (Demerol) to pancreatitis patients -Always verify bowel sounds when giving Kayexelate -Hypercalcemia = hypophosphatemia (and vice versa) -Radioactive Dye – urine excretion -Signs of toxic ammonia levels is asterixis (hands flapping) -D10W can be substituted for TPN (temporary use) -Dopamine and Lasix are incompatible -Hypoglycemic shivers can be stopped by holding the limb, seizures cannot (infants) -Common symptom of aluminum hydroxide – constipation -Thiazide diuretics may induce hyperglycemia -Take iron with Vit C – it enhances absorbtion – Do not take with milk -B1 - For Alcoholic Patients (to prevent Wernicke’s encephalopathy & Korsakoff’s synd) -B6 - For TB Patients -B9 - For Pregnant Patients -B12 - Pernicious anemia, Vegetarians. -Complications of Coumadin - 3H’s - Hemorrhage, hematuria & hepatitis -FFP is administered to DIC b/c of the clotting Fx -Mannitol (osmtic diuretic [Head injury]) crystallizes at room temp – use a filter needle -Antianxiety medication is pharmacologically similar to alcohol –used for weaning Tx -Administrate Glucagon when pt is hypoglycemia and unresponsive -Phenazopyridine ( Pyridium)--Urine will appear orange -Rifampicin -- Red-urine, tears, sweat) -Hot and Dry = sugar high (hyperglycemia) -Cold and clammy = need some candy (hypoglycemia) -Med of choice for V-tach is lidocaine -Med of choice for SVT = adenosine or adenocard -Med of choice for Asystole = atropine -Med of choice for CHF is Ace inhibitor. -Med of choice for anaphylactic shock is Epinephrine -Med of choice for Status Epilepticus is Valium. -Med of choice for bipolar is lithium. -Give ACE inhibitors w/food to prevent stomach upset -Administer diuretics in the morning -Give Lipitor at 1700 since the enzymes work best during the evenin -Common Tricyclic Meds - 3 syllabes (pamelor, elavil) -Common MAOI’s - 2 syllables (nardil, marplan) -TPN has a dedicated line & cannot be mixed ahead of time -RHoGAM -- Given at 28 weeks & 72 hrs postpartum -Do not administer erythromycin to Multiple Sclerosis pt -Benadryl and Xanax taken together will cause additive effects. -Can't take Lasix if allergic to Sulfa drugs. -Acetaminophen can be used for headache when the client is using nitroglycerin. -Dilantin - can not give with dextrose. Only give with NS. Addison is skinny ( hypoglycemic, you get weight loss, you got weakness, and you get postural hypotn) Cushing is fat ( hyperglycemic, you get moon face big cheeks, and you retain a lot of Na and fluid) -Never Give via IVP: oKCL oHeparin oIbuprofen oInsulin oDobutamine oASA oAlbumin oAcetaminophen -Insulin: oRapid: lispro – onset oShort: Regular – onset ½ - 1 hr. Peak: 2-3hr. Duration: 4-6 hr oInt: NPH or Lente – onset: 2 hr. Peak 6-12 hr. Duration: 16-24hr oLong: Ultralente – onset 4-6 hr. Peak: 12-16 hr. Duration: >24hr oV.Long: Lantus – onset 1 hr. Peak: None. Duration: 24 hr continuous -Anticholergic Side Effects: oCan’t See oCan’t Pee oCan’t Spit oCan’t Sh*t -Hypocalcemia – CATS oConvulsions oArrythmias oTetany oSpasms & Stridor -Hyper Kalemia Causes: ‘MACHINE’ oMedicationa (ace inhibitors, NSAIDS) oAcidosis (metabolic & repiratory) oCellular destruction (burns, traumatic injuy) oHypoaldosteronism, Hemolysis oNephrons, renal failure oExcretion (impaired) -Signs of increased K ‘ Murder’ oMuscle weaknes oUrine – olyguria, anuria oRespiratory distress oDecreaed cardiac contractility oECG Changes oReflexes – hyperreflexia, or flaccid -Substance Poisoning and Antidotes oMethanol -- Ethanol oCO2 -- Oxygen oDopamine -- Phentolamine oBenzo’s (Versed) -- Flumazenil oLead -- Succimer, Calcium Disodium oIron -- Deferoxamine oCoumadin -- Vitamin K oHeparin -- Protamine Sulfate oThorazine -- Cogentine oWild Mushrooms - Atropine oRat Poison - Vit K -Parkland Formula: 4cc * Kg * BSA Burned = Total Volume Necessary o1st 8hrs – ½ total volume o2nd 8hrs – ¼ total volume o3rd 8 hrs – ¼ total volumes