The nursing profession has rapidly evolved and expanded since its establishment in the mid-1800s, and today’s nurses are essential to effectively delivering health services to the general population. But right now the U.S. health care system is facing a crisis — a nursing shortage. The number of people living in a community defines the number of nurses needed to care for its residents. This is a concern because the population is increasing at a much faster rate than the number of trained and highly educated nurses. At the same time, health care organizations are working to position nurses as providers of basic medical services like primary care.