Let's have some fun learning. Each person should throw out 5 random facts or "things to remember" before taking your finals, HESI, NCLEX, etc.
Updated:
OK I know this sounds stupid but I have a friend that gets really freaked out before big tests like finals, HESI, NCLEX, and usually we get together and a few days before I start throwing out random facts at her. On 2 different tests she said the only way she got several questions was from the random facts that I threw at her that she never would have thought of!
SOOOOO..... I thought that if yall wanted to do this we could get a thread going and try to throw out 5 random facts or "things to remember". NCLEX is coming and the more I try to review content the more I realize that I have forgotten so......here are my 5 random facts for ya:
OH and BTW these came from rationales in Kaplan or Saunders no made up stuff:
1️⃣ A kid with Hepatitis A can return to school 1 week within the onset of jaundice.
2️⃣ After a patient has dialysis they may have a slight fever...this is normal due to the fact that the dialysis solution is warmed by the machine.
3️⃣ Hyperkalemia presents on an EKG as tall peaked T-waves
4️⃣ The antidote for Mag Sulfate toxicity is ---Calcium Gluconate
5️⃣ Impetigo is a CONTAGEOUS skin disorder and the person needs to wash ALL linens and dishes seperate from the family. They also need to wash their hands frequently and avoid contact.
Oh, ohh, one more...
? Vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic hormone
OK your turn....
Originally Posted by Melony, RN
Okay I got one...sorry if this is offending..but it is how I remember acid base imbalances...
If it come out your ass...its metabolic acidosis...
by vomitting...metabolic alkalosis...
^ You can remember that alkalosis sounds like alcohol which makes you vomit :)
FLUID VOLUME EXCESS: HYPERVOLEMIA
Define: too much volume in the __________________ _________________
l. Causes:
a. CHF: heart is__________, CO__________, decreased__________ perfusion,
UO__________
*the volume stays in the _________________ _______________
b. RF: Kidneys aren't____________________
c. Alkaseltzer
Fleets enemas All 3 have a lot of_______________IVF with Na
d. Aldosterone (steroid, mineralocorticoid)
Where does aldosterone live?
-Normal action: when blood volume gets low (vomiting, blood loss, etc.)
→aldosterone secretion increases→ retain Na/water→ blood volume ______
** Diseases with too much aldosterone:
-also seen with liver disease and heart disease
1._________________________
2._________________________
**Disease with too little aldosterone:
1._________________________
e. ADH (anti-diuretic hormone)
Normally makes you retain
Retain? ____water_____________________
2 ADH problems
Too Much Not enough
Retain Lose (diuese)
Fluid Volume _________ Fluid Volume __________
SIADH DI
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion Diabetes Insipidus
Urine Urine
Blood Blood
*Concentrated makes #'s go up specific gravity, Na
*Dilute makes #'s go down
ADH lives in pituitary; key words to make you think potential ADH problem:
craniotomy, head injury, sinus surgery, transphenoidal hypophysectomy
*Another name for anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) is Vasopressin.
The drug Vasopressin (Pitressinor DDAVP (Desmopressin acetate) may be
utilized as an ADH replacement in Diabetes Insipidus.
ESRD DIET
• Restricted protein intake
• Increase CHO
• Low K, P
• Restrict Na
12. NORMAL IN 8 MONTH OLD CHILD
- can sit with out support
- can roll from front to back
- can hold a bottle
- closure of ant. fontanel
- can say mama and dada
- 2 teeth present
13. SUPERIOR VENA CAVA OCCLUSION
• Sx occur in the morning
• Edema of face, eyes & tightness of shirt/ (Stoke’s sign)
• Late sx: edema of arms, hands,
dyspnea, erythema, epistaxis
14. ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Sx:
• Severe diarrhea with blood & mucus
• Abdominal tenderness & cramping
• Anorexia
• Wt. Loss
• Vit. K deficiency
• Anemia
• Dehydration
• Electrolyte imbalance
• Low residue & high protein diet
15. DILANTIN
• do not floss throughout the day
• do not use hard bristled toothbrush
• Gingivitis S/E
16. ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION
(steps)
• Stop medication
• Maintain airway
• Notify MD
• Maintain IV access of 0.9 NSS
• Place in supine position with legs elevated
• Monitor VS
• Administer prescribed emergency drugs
17. BLADDER CA
Risk Factors:
• Hx of smoking
• Exposure to radiation
• Working in industrial Factory
18. S/S OF DKA
• Fruity breath Odor
• Oliguria
• Kusmaull'’s (deep & nonlabored)
19. SITE FOR IM INJECTION ADULT
• Deltoid
• Ventrogluteal
• Vastus Lateralis
• Gluteus Maximus
20. S/S OF BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
• N & V
• Seizures
• Stiff Neck
• Photophobia
21. TB
• Waking up sweating at night
• Low grade fever
• Dull aching chest pain
• Cough streaked with blood
• Weight loss
• Anorexia
• Fatigue
22. LIVER CIRRHOSIS
• N & V
• Edema
• Ascites
23. PULMONARY EMBOLISM
Sx:
• Blood-tinged sputum
• Distended neck vein
• Chest Pain / Hypotension / Cyanosis
• Cough / Shallow respirations
• Rales on auscultation
• Tachypnea / Tachycardia
24. COLON CA
Risk Factors:
• Family HX
• Age above 50
• Jewish
• Male
25. DIGOXIN THERAPY
• Do not administer in infants if S/S OF CAD
• Chest Pain
• Palpitations
• Dyspnea / Syncope
• Hemoptysis
• Excessive Fatigue
27. COPD
• Rhythmic, diaphragmatic breathing
• If restless, perform purse-lip breathing not more than 1 minute
• Perform deep breathing with mouth held together during expiration
28. SEEN IN 15 MONTH OLD CHILD
• Speaks 6 words
• Sits w/o support
• Builds a tower of 5 blocks
• Strong palmar grasp
29. CUSHING’S SYNDROME
• Osteoporosis
• Muscle wasting
• Hypertension
• Purple skin striations
• Moon face
• Truncal obesity
• Decreased resistance to infection
• Low Carbohydrate, Low Calorie, High Protein, High K, Low sodium
• Monitor glucose level
• Check for color of stool, cortisol increase secretion of gastric acid – Peptic ulcer
& GI bleeding
• C/I to Aspirin, increased bleeding
30. ADDISONS DISEASE
Fatigue
Weakness
Dehydration
Eternal tan
Decreased resistance to stress
Low Sodium
Low Blood Sugar
High Potassium
High protein, carbohydrate, Sodium, Low potassium diet
Teach life-long hormone replacement
• Glucocorticoids (sugar) - Solu- Medrol (succinate) to prevent addisonian crisis
• Mineralocorticoids (salt) – Florinef
6 A's of Addison's disease
1.) Avoid Stress
2.) Avoid Strenuous
3.) Avoid Individuals with Infection
4.) Avoid OTC meds
5.) A lifelong Glucocorticoids Therapy
6.) Always wear medic alert bracelet
Addisonian Crisis
• Hypotension
• Extreme weakness
• Nausea vomiting
• Abdominal pain /
• Severe hypoglycemia
• Dehydration
• Administer NaCl IV, vasopressors, hydrocortisone
• Monitor VS /Absolute bedrest
31. PLACENTA PREVIA
• Check Hematocrit level
• External fetal monitor not internal
• No lady partsl examination
• Assess for bleeding
• Improperly implanted placenta at
lower uterine
• Painless bright red, lady partsl
bleeding
• Soft, relaxed, nontender uterus
• Fundal height greater than
expected
32. ABRUPTIO PLACENTA
• Premature separation of placenta from uterine wall
• Painful dark red bleeding
• Uterine rigidity
• Severe abdominal pain
• Maternal shock
• Fetal distress
33. HEMODIALYSIS
• Palpate for a bruit or thrill
• Weigh client daily, before, during & after
• Hold antihypertensive drugs b4 dialysis
• Check for thrill and bruit q 8 hours
• Don’t use extremity for BP, finger stick
• Monitor vital signs, weight, breath sounds
• Monitor for hemorrhage
34. PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
• Weight before and after treatment
• Monitor BP
• Monitor breath sounds
• Use sterile technique
• If problem w/ outflow, reposition client
• Side effects: constipation
35. TYPE 1 IDDM
• Test blood glucose every 4 hrs if no feeling well
• Eat fruit or cheese sandwich before exercise
• Do not exercise if blood glucose is >250mg/dl & urinary ketones present
• Administer regular insulin 30 minutes before meals
36. COMPARTMENT SYNDROME
• Increased pain & swelling
• Pain with passive motion
• Loss of sensation
• Inability to move joints
• Pulselessness
37. CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
• NPO 6-8 hrs. & no liquid for 4 hrs. prior to prevent vomiting & aspiration
• Feel a flush, warm, fluttery feeling, desire to cough, palpitations in introduction
of dye
• Shave & Clean insertion site with antiseptic solution
38. PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
• Severe pallor
• Smooth, beefy red tongue
• Slight jaundice
• Paresthisias of hands & feet
• Disturbances with gait & balance
39. DUMPING SYNDROME
• Occurs 30 minutes after eating
• Abdominal fullness & cramping
• Diarrhea
• Tachycardia
• Perspiration
• Weakness / dizziness
• Borborygmi sound
40. TPN COMPLICATIONS
• Air Embolism
• Fluid Overload
• Hyperglycemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Infection
• Pneumothorax
37. CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
* NPO 6-8 hrs. & no liquid for 4 hrs. prior to prevent vomiting & aspiration
* Feel a flush, warm, fluttery feeling, desire to cough, palpitations in introduction
of dye
* Shave & Clean insertion site with antiseptic solution
38. PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
* Severe pallor
It is no longer accepted practice to shave the groin for a Cardiac Cath or groin/leg/chest for CABG. They use clippers.
Just a reminder that some of these posts are years old. While they are extremely helpful (THANK YOU EVERYONE), some of them may no longer be relevant.
TinFL
77 Posts
Cyanotic defects - the 4 T's:
T =Tetralogy of fallot
T =Truncus arteriosus
T =Transportation of the great vessels
T =Tricuspid atresia