I am taking the NCLEX-RN this Friday and I am in the process of making sure I know my lab values,drug values and tidbits to remember that I see come up frequently when studying the practice questions.
Here are some I can think of...anyone else know of any I missed??
Na 135-145
K 3.5-5.5
Ca 8-10
Mg 1.5-2.0
Platelets 150,000-450,000
ptt 30-60 seconds
WBC 5,000-11,000
RBC 4.5-6.0 million
Hct 35-45%
Hgb 12-16
BUN 7-20
Creatinine 0.5-1.5
Quickening 16 weeks
fetal heart tones 20 weeks
fetal heart rate 120-160
Litium intial 1.0-1.5, therapeutic 0.6-1.2
Dilantin 10-20
Digoxin 0.8-2.0
Heparin look at ptt and antidote is Protamine Sulfate
Coumadin look at INR and antidote is vitamin K
Mag Sulfate antidote is Calcium Gluconate
narcotic antidote is Narcan
Tyenol antidote is Mucomist
Insulin: Reg 30-60 min onset, 2-4 hr peak and 5-7 duration
NPH 1-3 hr onset, 6-12 hr peak and 18-24 duration
Lispro-fast acting and to eat right away
pH 7.35-7.45
PaCO2 35-45
PaO2 90-100%
HCO3 22-26
Rules of Nines: 9% is head and both arms, 18% is front torso, back torso and both legs and 1% is groin
5 P's with fractues: pain, pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia and paralysis
Aminocentisis is where they draw up some of the fluid and check for disorders, sex of the fetus, and if the lungs are maturing. This test is done at 14-16 weeks of pregnancy.
So what are some risks to mom and baby? maternal hemorrhage, infection, Rh getting into moms blood, abruptio placenta, emboli of the fluid
Hyponatremia: Nausea, muscle cramps, increased ICP, confusion, convulsions. Treat with LR or 0.9%NaCl and water restrictions
Hypernatremia: weakness, disorientation, hallucinations, hypotension and tachycardia. Treat with hypotonic solutions (D5W, 0.3% or 0.45%NaCl)
Potassium: 3.5-5.5
Hypokalemia: Muscle weakness, paresthesias, dysrhythmias, increased sensitivity to digitalis.
Hyperkalemia: EKG changes, dysrhythmia, cardiac arrest, muscle weakness, paralysis. Treat with Kayexalate (can cause diarrhea), emergency situations calcium gluconate, regular insulin, and dialysis.
Calcium: 9-11
Hypocalcemia: Tetany, Trousseau’s sign- inflate BP cuff on upper arm= carpal spasms. Chvostek’s sign- tap facial nerve= twitching of facial muscle. Treat with calcium gluconate, seizure precaution, caution with digitalis patients, phosphate binding antiacids, calcitriol, Vit D.
Hypercalcemia: sedation effect, muscle weakness, abdominal pain and distention, depressed deep tendon reflexes.
Treat with Calcitonin, Lasix, prevent development of renal calculi, may be caused by hyperparathyroidism.
Magnesium: 1.5-2.5 **Magnesium acts as a depressant
Hypomagnesium: increased neuromuscular irritability, tremors, tetany, seizures, dysrhythmia, dysphagia. Treat with increase Mg (green veggies, nuts, bananas, oranges, peanut butter, chocolate.) Magnesium sulfate, keep self inflating breathing bag and monitor respirations, test ability to swallow before PO fluids.
Hypermagnesium: Depresses CNS, depresses cardiac impulses, hypotension, facial flushing, muscle weakness, absent deep tendon reflexes, shallow respirations. EMERGENCY, treat with iv calcium gluconate, support ventilation, (Mag Sulfate antidote is Calcium Gluconate)
Platelets 150,000-450,000 = risk for bleeding
Ptt 30-60 seconds = Bleeding time, check when giving heparin. Antidote for heparin is protamine sulfate
INR 2-3 = check when giving Coumadin, antidote is Vitamin K.
VANESSA WILLIAMS
138 Posts
Thanks for that advice but right now I have my hands full with trying to follow the first tip to trying to use Suzannes Plan Thanks alot!!!!!!!!!