Hi everyone, i just started nursing school and have some silly questions on the treatment modalities of CHF. How does Beta-blockers work? Yeah, seriously (i'm a newbie). I know when beta-1 receptors are blocked, it not only has negative chronotropic and dromotropic effects on the heart, but also has a negative inotropic result. In a patient with systolic heart failure (heart rate I know coreg is proven to reduce mortality in CHF patients, but how? Is it because it reduces oxygen demand of the heart? And my last question (I promise): why are some CHF patients on digoxin (+ inotropic) while others are on beta-blockers (- inotropic)? i'm a little bit confused, any insight would help!