OK I know this sounds stupid but I have a friend that gets really freaked out before big tests like finals, HESI, NCLEX, and usually we get together and a few days before I start throwing out random facts at her. On 2 different tests she said the only way she got several questions was from the random facts that I threw at her that she never would have thought of!
SOOOOO..... I thought that if yall wanted to do this we could get a thread going and try to throw out 5 random facts or "things to remember". NCLEX is coming and the more I try to review content the more I realize that I have forgotten so......here are my 5 random facts for ya:
OH and BTW these came from rationales in Kaplan or Saunders no made up stuff:
1️⃣ A kid with Hepatitis A can return to school 1 week within the onset of jaundice.
2️⃣ After a patient has dialysis they may have a slight fever...this is normal due to the fact that the dialysis solution is warmed by the machine.
3️⃣ Hyperkalemia presents on an EKG as tall peaked T-waves
4️⃣ The antidote for Mag Sulfate toxicity is ---Calcium Gluconate
5️⃣ Impetigo is a CONTAGEOUS skin disorder and the person needs to wash ALL linens and dishes seperate from the family. They also need to wash their hands frequently and avoid contact.
Oh, ohh, one more...
? Vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic hormone
So I pretty much have down the difference between airborne, droplet, and contact precautions, but I'm getting confused about PPE? So when you enter a room with someone with droplet precautions don't you put on gloves, gown, and mask and if in contact with fluids a face shield? I keep on just seeing mask for doplet and the n95 respirator for airborne? Perhaps i am just starting to over think things since doing so many questions. If someone can please just give me their thoughts I would appreciate it taking the test on the 28th!!
this is such a great site! i take my nclex on thursday, and i think i feel prepared...lol, maybe.
here are some facts, i want to give back to this posting after all it's given to me.
1. if you are putting in a flexi-seal or doing some other procedure that may cause splashing of body fluids, you should wear a mask and goggles even if you are just in a contact room (correct me if i'm wrong about the mask). i got this question one time and got it wrong because i saw contact and i ignored the rest of the question. don't do this on nclex
2. sputum culture is a definitive diagnosis for tb (some people say cxr but i have read through this post and other books and believe it to be sputum culture).
3. airborne precautions: use negative pressure airflow, and n95 mask (for tb). remember "my chicken hz tb"- measles, chicken pox (varicella), herpez zoster, and tuberculosis. also, remember pertussis (whooping cough) and any others with coughing involved would be airborne.
4. droplet precautions: remember (doctors participate in a preventative money making market) or drsppmmm. this stands for diptheria, scarlet fever, pneumonia, pertussis (this is airborne and droplet), meningitis (bacterial only, not viral), mumps, and mononucleosis.
5. contact precautions:: rsv, cdiff, mrsa, ecoli, scabies, impetigo (pretty much anything you usually see in the hospital, and also skin infections, except for herpes zoster).
kawasaki disease: rare disease in children. symptoms include joint pain, irritability, rash, strawberry red tongue, increased temperature (102-104). treatment: high doses of aspirin!
fifths disease: red rash, "slapped" appearance on face, rash extends to trunk, arms and legs. it is not contagious after the rash is evident. treatment: rest, relief from rash, maybe an antiviral (it is viral, not bacterial).
pheochromocytoma: a rare tumor of the adrenal glands. it is caused by a release of too much epinephrine and norepinephrine (which regulate blood pressure). the symptoms include increase blood pressure, hand tremors, headache, sweating, abdominal pain. treatment: remove tumor. do an abdominal ct or an adrenal biopsy for diagnosis.
other facts:
cholesterol levels: total cholesterol should be less than 200. ldl should be less than 100. hdl should be greater than 60. the ratio should be below 5/1, ideal is 3.5/1.
heart sounds: remember ape to ma: aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid, mitral, apex. point of maximal impulse is in center of sternum. the apex (below left breast) is where you can hear everything the loudest.
types of gait with crutches:
2 point gait: partial wt bearing: crutch with opposite foot, other crutch and other opposite foot.
3 point gait: for partial or no weight bearing- both crutches advance with the affected foot, then the unaffected foot advances.
4 point gait: weight bearing patients only; rt cruch, left foot, left crutch, right foot
swing-to gait: both crutches forward together, then both legs forward (form a tripod)
swing-through gait: both crutches, then both legs beyond the crutches (further than swing to).
cane: nurse should stand on the affected side of the patient, the cane should be on the unaffected side, hold cane 4-6 inches to sid eof foot, and flex elbow 15-30 degrees.
hypocalcemia: prolonged st and qt (takes more time to contract due to less calcium)
hypercalcemia: shortened st, widened t wave (takes less time to contract)
hypokalemia: st depression, shallow inverted t wave, prominent u wave
hyperkalemia: peaked t waves (opposite of hypo), flat p waves, widened qrs, prolonged pr
hypomagnesemia: tall t waves, depressed st segment
hypermagnesemia: prolonged pr, widened qrs
some drugs from popular tv commercials (check you tube to see them):
mirapex and requip: restless leg syndrome- s&s are drowsiness, dizziness when standing.
celebrex: nsaid used for arthritis. increases chance of heart attack/stroke, bleeding and ulcers can occur.
lipitor, vytorin, zocor (lovastatin): help lower cholesterol. need to do liver function tests, and don't take if you have liver disease, or if you are pregnant or nursing. tell your doctor if you have severe muscle pain or weakness, which can be a rare but serious side effect.
zoloft, cymbalta: antidepressants, don't take with maoi's. s&s: dry mouth, constipation, nausea, insomnia, sleeplessness, incontinence, and increased risk of suicide.
rozerem: sleep aid. don't use if you have liver problems, don't use alcohol. s&s: drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness.
nexium: for acid reflux. s&s: headache, diarrhea.
zyrtec: allergies
advair (solbuterol): long acting for asthma relief (decreases inflammation)
viagra and levitra: for e.d., don't use with other nitrates because it could cause extreme vasodilation and hypotension. s&s: headache, flushing, abnormal vision or hearing, stuffy nose.
other facts:
-many answers will be, don't use this drug, etc, if you have glaucoma.
-glaucoma s&s: having to turn head to the side (decreased peripheral vision).
-retinal detachment s&s: flashing lights and "floaters".
-go to the ncsbn website for a comprehensive list of everything you need to know for nclex, including what lab values they want you to know.
I thought you should never put a child in the prone position...?
After a tonsillectomy in a child, it is appropriate to place him/her in the prone position.
I quote from Chapter 23, The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction, Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing:
"Until they are fully awake, children are placed on their abdomen (or side) to facilitate drainage of secretions... When alert, children may prefer sitting up."
Children in the prone position is OKAY. The prone position is not used for neonates or infants to sleep because of an increase risk in SIDS. However, there are appropriate times to place your infant on his/her belly. It's called "tummy time."
2. TB skin test is positive in a non-immunocompromised pt if 10 or above (per Kaplan), unless HIV, then 5mm
4. Can you clarify? Respiratory opposite what?
*Thank you for the information about the TB, I got my facts from ATI.*
4. When interpreting ABGs, it is a good mnemotic to use ROME. Respiratory Opposite Metabolic Equal. The way I do these questions is I look at the pH and the PaCO2.
Example: pH 7.28, PaCO2 50
This would be Respiratory Acidosis because the pH is low (acidosis - draw a down arrow) and the PaCO2 is high (draw an up arrow). The arrows are opposite so look at ROME - Respiratory ABGs are opposite arrows.
Example: pH 7.5, PaCO2 50
This would be Metabolic Alkalosis because both arrows are going up, indicating a higher than normal level.
Do you follow? ;X I do not know if this will work if the question is concerned with compensation, which I believe is to do with the bicarbonate level.
chris82
37 Posts
Confused about infection control?
So I pretty much have down the difference between airborne, droplet, and contact precautions, but I'm getting confused about PPE? So when you enter a room with someone with droplet precautions don't you put on gloves, gown, and mask and if in contact with fluids a face shield? I keep on just seeing mask for doplet and the n95 respirator for airborne? Perhaps i am just starting to over think things since doing so many questions. If someone can please just give me their thoughts I would appreciate it taking the test on the 28th!!