OR Nurses Giving Conscious Sedation--WHY SHOULD WE?

Specialties CRNA

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I posted this tonight on the operating room nursing section, and would much appreciate it if the anesthesia providers who post here would visit that section and post your thoughts, so that they can reach those OR nurses who don't ever visit your section.

I know we have discussed this topic here before.

I am getting more and more alarmed at the trend of OR nurses giving conscious sedation, and frankly, I think it is time we simply refuse to do it--too much risk, too much responsibility involved in doing something that OTHER people--those of YOUR group--are experts at doing--and are compensated accordingly for doing.

I would really like to see anesthesia providers lobby to have this practice changed--forever.

Of course, if there are anesthesia providers who DISAGREE--who feel that OR nurses SHOULD welcome this "expanded role as a perioperative nurse--" by all means please respond, as well. I would be very interested in hearing your rationales.

Thank you. My post is below.

Frankly, I have never understood why some operating room nurses feel honored to be able to sit up at the head of the bed and administer conscious sedation, especially during elective cosmetic surgery procedures (in which the patient could afford the services of a CRNA or anesthesiologist.)

I think it is a power trip for them--makes them feel oh-so-important.

OK, here come the flames from those who consider it "an expansion of their role as a perioperative nurse" and apparently aren't concerned about not being trained--or compensated--in the same way a CRNA or anesthesiologist would be for doing the same thing.

I truly believe that this is a classic example of the saying, "A little knowledge can be dangerous."

Yes, I am ACLS certified--I am good at starting IVs--I know the conscious sedation drugs and the drugs to reverse them---and hey, I have even had to do a stab trach or two with a jelco to ensure an adequate airway and prevent imminent death----but that was as a Vietnam era corpsman, when there was no other option.

There was no MD or CRNA to call on--as an independent duty corpsman, I was it. Oh, and the situation was trauma--NOT elective cosmetic surgery.

Today, there are plenty of other options--those include staff CRNAs and anesthesiologists who are PAID for their skills at airway management and conscious sedation (as well as far more complicated anesthesia situations.)

Yes, times have indeed changed.

Personally, I do not feel they pay me enough to take on this role and the extra responsibility it entails--especially when CRNAs or anesthesiologists are sitting around with nothing to do--simply because hospital management, or cosmetic surgery patients who are paying out of pocket, do not want to reimburse those providerd (or bill the insurance) accordingly.

This often happens in elective cosmetic surgery cases where insurance ISN'T picking up the tab. Rather than pay the person who is trained--and welll compensated--to do this job--we are supposed to do it.

Why are we allowing ourselves to be exploited as a source of cheap labor?

I actually worked registry a few times at a hospital where, in my opinion, the "queen bee" RNs who fought for the chance to give conscious sedation were waayyyyyyyy over their heads--they were allowed by certain plastic surgeons to simply give drugs in the increments and fashion they (the nurses) saw fit--usually Fentanyl and Versed--and more than once they got into trouble and had to slip in an oral airway, bag the patient, and reverse the Versed with Romazicon or the Fentanyl with Narcan to end up with (eventually!) a spontaneously breathing patient.

Forget about having anesthesia nearby to come bail them out--they had long since gone home--none covering OB, either, as this small hospital had no OB unit.

I expressed my concern to their supervisor about this--with some trepidation--I knew it would not be well received since I was not staff. Her answer? "We do it all the time--and anyway, if they run into trouble, they can call the ER doctor."

Right. Like he is going to drop whatever he is doing (perhaps handling his own code!) and rush right over to bail someone out of a situation they should not have been doing in the first place.

(When I voiced THIS, I was given a blank and hostile stare--and, not called to work there again, surprise--as if I would have wanted to return to this hotbed of sentinel events in the making.)

What do the rest of you think? Why are nurses taking on this role? If you have no other objection, just consider this one---they just do not pay us enough to do it.

__________________

Prescriptive authority is really an entirely different issue. APNs have prescriptive autority to write a prescription, which the patient takes somewhere to have a third party dispense. When the APN delivers the drug themselves, that is not prescribing.

When a professional actually administers the drug, they are practicing within their own scope of practice, and their own license. For all RNS (including CRNAs) that action must be congruent with their states nurse practice act, and the BON rules and regulations.

Some states medical practice act allow physicians to delegate medical acts. That is where some people get the idea they are "working on the physician's license".

Just because a physician tells you-it's OK, I am taking all the responsibility-does not let you off the hook. All of us have to know what we are accountable for, in our particular states.

loisane crna

I am always amused and somewhat dismayed when I read information on this topic. It is my belief that nurses (non-anesthetists) who administer sedation ordered by surgeons and other physicians are very lucky -- or maybe it is the patients who are lucky. If you ask just about any anesthesia person if they would rather do a sedation case or a general anesthetic with a protected airway, the answer will be GENERAL. The reasons are many, including the very narrow margin between conscious and unconscious sedation, the need for rapid airway control by someone who does it on a daily basis; the synergistic and additive effects of the sedation agents; interactions between sedative drugs and other medications the patient is taking, competition with the airway (ENT, plastic surgery, endoscopy) and those are just a few. The other interesting aspect is that many non-anesthetists do not understand dosages and think that if "a little is good, a lot is better".

Yesterday, I did an 8 hour case (was supposed to be 3.5 hours) under sedation. The patient moved, because the local wasn't adequate, had to be ventilated twice, had to be catheterized, because her blood pressure went up when she got a full bladder and became more restless. My biggest mistake was not stopping the surgery and putting a tube in her. These are not easy cases and I have lots of experience.

I hope all of you anesthesia students are getting experience in sedation techniques--you have to know how to do it, because very few others do, even though they think they do.

Yoga CRNA

RN's in my unit do this on a regular basis primarily for TEE's and cardioversions...

we have an annual competency which is truly not enough considering the responsiblity we take... however, what I find more humorous is the fact that we can do conscious sedation but can't recover a patient from the OR... does that make any sense??

I am always amused and somewhat dismayed when I read information on this topic. It is my belief that nurses (non-anesthetists) who administer sedation ordered by surgeons and other physicians are very lucky -- or maybe it is the patients who are lucky. If you ask just about any anesthesia person if they would rather do a sedation case or a general anesthetic with a protected airway, the answer will be GENERAL. The reasons are many, including the very narrow margin between conscious and unconscious sedation, the need for rapid airway control by someone who does it on a daily basis; the synergistic and additive effects of the sedation agents; interactions between sedative drugs and other medications the patient is taking, competition with the airway (ENT, plastic surgery, endoscopy) and those are just a few. The other interesting aspect is that many non-anesthetists do not understand dosages and think that if "a little is good, a lot is better".

Yesterday, I did an 8 hour case (was supposed to be 3.5 hours) under sedation. The patient moved, because the local wasn't adequate, had to be ventilated twice, had to be catheterized, because her blood pressure went up when she got a full bladder and became more restless. My biggest mistake was not stopping the surgery and putting a tube in her. These are not easy cases and I have lots of experience.

I hope all of you anesthesia students are getting experience in sedation techniques--you have to know how to do it, because very few others do, even though they think they do.

Yoga CRNA

My feelings exactly, Yoga.

Again, I wish that anesthesia providers like you and loisane would write to AORN expressing your views.

It seems, so far, that they think we should be excited about and "welcome" this "expanded role of the perioperative nurse."

I don't. I will say it again: Anesthesia is best left to anesthesia providers.

If I wanted to give anesthesia, I would have gone to CRNA school.

I dont know about OR

But we do it all the time in ER

For all sorts of procedures, We have guidelines we follow them, Been doing it for years. No Biggie.

I dont understand your concerns,

Now I must admit I hate all the paperwork that goes with it. Thats a major pain in the ass.

:uhoh21: :rolleyes:

Ladies and gentlemen, here we have it in a nice neat package. This is exactly why there are so many anesthesia providers who are against this practice. A total lack of respect for what is happening to the patient, and a complete failure to understand the implications of what could happen.

I would say without fear of contradiction that I do far more "conscious" sedation cases than tom does. I do at least one of these cases almost every day, and on many days may do as many as 15 in a day. I approach them with a great deal of respect and a great deal of forethought. I never approach them with the attitude "No Biggie."

This is a dangerous and cavalier attitude to have. And one day, it will come back to bite you, hard.

KM

:uhoh21: :rolleyes:

Ladies and gentlemen, here we have it in a nice neat package. This is exactly why there are so many anesthesia providers who are against this practice. A total lack of respect for what is happening to the patient, and a complete failure to understand the implications of what could happen.

I would say without fear of contradiction that I do far more "conscious" sedation cases than tom does. I do at least one of these cases almost every day, and on many days may do as many as 15 in a day. I approach them with a great deal of respect and a great deal of forethought. I never approach them with the attitude "No Biggie."

This is a dangerous and cavalier attitude to have. And one day, it will come back to bite you, hard.

KM

I HAVE WORKED ER FOR MORE THAN 10 YEARS. I DO CONSCIOUS SEDATION ALL THE TIME. I WAS EXTENSIVELY TRAINED IN ALL THE DRUGS USED AS WELL AS THE REVERSAL AGENTS. I HAVE TO PASS COMPETENCY EVERY YEAR IN ORDER TO KEEP DOING THEM. IN MY HOSPITAL THOUGH WHEN CONSCIOUS SEDATION IS PERFORMED THERE MUST BE A RESPIRATORY THERAPIST AT THE BEDSIDE AND THE DOCTOR MUST BE AT THE BEDSIDE AS WELL UNTIL THE PATIENT IS REVERSED.

I HAVE WORKED ER FOR MORE THAN 10 YEARS. I DO CONSCIOUS SEDATION ALL THE TIME. I WAS EXTENSIVELY TRAINED IN ALL THE DRUGS USED AS WELL AS THE REVERSAL AGENTS. I HAVE TO PASS COMPETENCY EVERY YEAR IN ORDER TO KEEP DOING THEM. IN MY HOSPITAL THOUGH WHEN CONSCIOUS SEDATION IS PERFORMED THERE MUST BE A RESPIRATORY THERAPIST AT THE BEDSIDE AND THE DOCTOR MUST BE AT THE BEDSIDE AS WELL UNTIL THE PATIENT IS REVERSED.

Why are you shouting? What is extensively trained? How many of these do you do a day, and how many patients do your RT's intubate a day? I take it that the physician and RT leave the bedside after you administer the reversal agent? Are you aware that many of your reversal agents have shorter half lives than the drugs you are trying to reverse? And on and on.

By this very same argument, there is no reason that a CNA, with "extensive training" and annual competency exams, cannot do the assessments of patients in the ER. Perhaps ER's should have one or two nurses per shift, to supervise the staff of "extensively trained" CNA's who do the initial intake and assessment of patients? Would you have a problem with that? Is that reasonable patient care?

Kevin McHugh

:uhoh21: :rolleyes:

Ladies and gentlemen, here we have it in a nice neat package. This is exactly why there are so many anesthesia providers who are against this practice. A total lack of respect for what is happening to the patient, and a complete failure to understand the implications of what could happen.

I would say without fear of contradiction that I do far more "conscious" sedation cases than tom does. I do at least one of these cases almost every day, and on many days may do as many as 15 in a day. I approach them with a great deal of respect and a great deal of forethought. I never approach them with the attitude "No Biggie."

This is a dangerous and cavalier attitude to have. And one day, it will come back to bite you, hard.

KM

EXACTLY!!!! Please, kmchugh, WRITE to AORN with your thoughts--and have all your anesthesia colleagues do the same. This dangerous practice is spiralling out of control. I intend to do anything and everything in my limited capacity--and limited power-- as as an operating room nurse and a member of AORN to put a stop to it.

Anesthesia is best left to anesthesia providers--not operating room nurses. Not ER nurses. Not ICU nurses. To anesthesia providers, PERIOD.

Concious sedation is not general anesthesia. TPTB refer to light medium and deep sedation, deep being general anesthesia, midium is concious sedation, and light is just that Ativan that you give someone for anxiety.

Medium sedation means the pt can obey simple commands, like "take a deep breath" and can maintain their own airway. To be competent to give concious sedation you must be ready to deal with the airway issues that occur if you overshoot the mark and send the pt into a deeply sedated state. Nurses can administer the meds, but they don't have a license to prescribe, so the doc (in theory) is taking on a lot of the responsibility of sedating outside the OR.

RN's have been given a lot of tasks that MD's used to do and not gotten just compensation for them. Not so long ago we didn't even start IV's(!)

So, are we to understand that you embrace this role, canoehead? Are you one of the RNs who simply considers it an "expansion of your role as a Registered Nurse?" Akin to simply starting IVs? We are talking apples and oranges, here--giving conscious sedation is not "simply another task that MDs used to do," and it is NOT a task that we as nurses should be expected to do!

My gosh, am I the only operating room nurse who has a problem with this?

Am I the only operating room nurse who has no desire to take on a role for which I have not been adequately trained, am not adequately compensated, AND for which there are ALREADY anesthesia providers who ARE well-trained--in fact they are EXPERTS--and well compensated? This is really, really scary.

It just goes to show how many people have been brainwashed--as teeituptom appears to have been--to believe that the administration of conscious sedation is--his words--"no biggie."

Jacala,

You have proved my argument that you have limited knowledge or ability to administer conscious sedation.

I can't believe that you reverse all patients, whether or not they need it. As others have said, reversal may be very dangerous if you UNDERSTAND the pharmacokinetics of the agent and reversal agent.

In the last 20 years of my practice, where I administer at least 10 sedation anesthetics a week, I think I have used reversal agents on 1 patient. That patient was an RN administered, surgeon ordered sedation where the patient would not respond. Every 2 years I replace unused, unopened reversal agents that have expired.

Real anesthetists know how to do sedation with reversal.

Let the flames begin,

Yoga CRNA

I HAVE WORKED ER FOR MORE THAN 10 YEARS. I DO CONSCIOUS SEDATION ALL THE TIME. I WAS EXTENSIVELY TRAINED IN ALL THE DRUGS USED AS WELL AS THE REVERSAL AGENTS. I HAVE TO PASS COMPETENCY EVERY YEAR IN ORDER TO KEEP DOING THEM. IN MY HOSPITAL THOUGH WHEN CONSCIOUS SEDATION IS PERFORMED THERE MUST BE A RESPIRATORY THERAPIST AT THE BEDSIDE AND THE DOCTOR MUST BE AT THE BEDSIDE AS WELL UNTIL THE PATIENT IS REVERSED.

well, as a second semester srna i won't get too deeply into the semantics currently in this thread other than to say, every crna i have worked with, talked to, taken lecture from, has stated. "learn to do MAC cases, if you can MAC you can do any anethesia." i take this to mean that conscious or deep sedation is the hardest case in anesthesia. to walk a fine line between breathing and being without pain and not breathing and being without pain (during the procedure) is an art that takes a very long time to master.

pushing propofol and hoping they dont stop breathing, or pushing fent/demarol "insert drug name here.....and hoping they dont stop breathing should not be how it's done. i believe providers with indepth knowledge of pharmacology, patho, and airway management should be in charge when loss of airway at anytime is an issue.

for the practicing crna's out there with much more experience than i have, can you give examples of when a patient was rendered apnic only to find that they couldnt be ventilated because of airway obstruction or laryngospasm?

and what skills did it take to solve the situation?

d

for the practicing crna's out there with much more experience than i have, can you give examples of when a patient was rendered apnic only to find that they couldnt be ventilated because of airway obstruction or laryngospasm?

and what skills did it take to solve the situation?

d

It happens on occasion during sedation and at the end of general anesthetics. I still believe some patients have Stage 2 during induction and emergence. Usually teen-age boys or I have seen it lately on patients who are body builders and who probably use some sort of anabolic steroids (even though they deny it). In order to get a patient beyond this stage, you either need to let them wake-up or get them deeper. On emergence, I like to stimulate them with jaw thrust and give positive pressure oxygen with the valve closed. Most of the time this works. But on rare occassions, I have to give a small dose (10-15 mg) of succinylcholine to break up the spasm. When a patient is in spasm, don't waste your time trying to intubate them until the spasm breaks. These are the moments that justify our pay. This is a good example of why I strongly believe that sedation should only be given by those who how to diagnose and treat laryngospasm.

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