OR Nurses Giving Conscious Sedation--WHY SHOULD WE?

Specialties CRNA

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I posted this tonight on the operating room nursing section, and would much appreciate it if the anesthesia providers who post here would visit that section and post your thoughts, so that they can reach those OR nurses who don't ever visit your section.

I know we have discussed this topic here before.

I am getting more and more alarmed at the trend of OR nurses giving conscious sedation, and frankly, I think it is time we simply refuse to do it--too much risk, too much responsibility involved in doing something that OTHER people--those of YOUR group--are experts at doing--and are compensated accordingly for doing.

I would really like to see anesthesia providers lobby to have this practice changed--forever.

Of course, if there are anesthesia providers who DISAGREE--who feel that OR nurses SHOULD welcome this "expanded role as a perioperative nurse--" by all means please respond, as well. I would be very interested in hearing your rationales.

Thank you. My post is below.

Frankly, I have never understood why some operating room nurses feel honored to be able to sit up at the head of the bed and administer conscious sedation, especially during elective cosmetic surgery procedures (in which the patient could afford the services of a CRNA or anesthesiologist.)

I think it is a power trip for them--makes them feel oh-so-important.

OK, here come the flames from those who consider it "an expansion of their role as a perioperative nurse" and apparently aren't concerned about not being trained--or compensated--in the same way a CRNA or anesthesiologist would be for doing the same thing.

I truly believe that this is a classic example of the saying, "A little knowledge can be dangerous."

Yes, I am ACLS certified--I am good at starting IVs--I know the conscious sedation drugs and the drugs to reverse them---and hey, I have even had to do a stab trach or two with a jelco to ensure an adequate airway and prevent imminent death----but that was as a Vietnam era corpsman, when there was no other option.

There was no MD or CRNA to call on--as an independent duty corpsman, I was it. Oh, and the situation was trauma--NOT elective cosmetic surgery.

Today, there are plenty of other options--those include staff CRNAs and anesthesiologists who are PAID for their skills at airway management and conscious sedation (as well as far more complicated anesthesia situations.)

Yes, times have indeed changed.

Personally, I do not feel they pay me enough to take on this role and the extra responsibility it entails--especially when CRNAs or anesthesiologists are sitting around with nothing to do--simply because hospital management, or cosmetic surgery patients who are paying out of pocket, do not want to reimburse those providerd (or bill the insurance) accordingly.

This often happens in elective cosmetic surgery cases where insurance ISN'T picking up the tab. Rather than pay the person who is trained--and welll compensated--to do this job--we are supposed to do it.

Why are we allowing ourselves to be exploited as a source of cheap labor?

I actually worked registry a few times at a hospital where, in my opinion, the "queen bee" RNs who fought for the chance to give conscious sedation were waayyyyyyyy over their heads--they were allowed by certain plastic surgeons to simply give drugs in the increments and fashion they (the nurses) saw fit--usually Fentanyl and Versed--and more than once they got into trouble and had to slip in an oral airway, bag the patient, and reverse the Versed with Romazicon or the Fentanyl with Narcan to end up with (eventually!) a spontaneously breathing patient.

Forget about having anesthesia nearby to come bail them out--they had long since gone home--none covering OB, either, as this small hospital had no OB unit.

I expressed my concern to their supervisor about this--with some trepidation--I knew it would not be well received since I was not staff. Her answer? "We do it all the time--and anyway, if they run into trouble, they can call the ER doctor."

Right. Like he is going to drop whatever he is doing (perhaps handling his own code!) and rush right over to bail someone out of a situation they should not have been doing in the first place.

(When I voiced THIS, I was given a blank and hostile stare--and, not called to work there again, surprise--as if I would have wanted to return to this hotbed of sentinel events in the making.)

What do the rest of you think? Why are nurses taking on this role? If you have no other objection, just consider this one---they just do not pay us enough to do it.

__________________

i have to agree with steve on this one.

just last week a patient died in the outpatient surgery center just after getting a retrobulbar block. btw crna's are with our patients at all times.

just goes to show you, you never know when schitt will hit the fan.

you just better have the skills ready when it does. otherwise get your checkbook ready.

conscious sedation in itself is not really the issue. i believe it's handling one stage deeper sedation and any detrimental occurance that can happen. while not having to rely on er docs to come (however long that takes), GI docs who are rarely up to speed in code situations, and nurses not trained to handle apneic patients and protect airways.

just a simple example, do any nurses here know what the maximum pressure for bag ventilation is and how it feels to do it? *(dont look it up) it's important in trying to make sure the patient doesnt puke (hint....lower esophogeal sphincter tone pressure) . i realize ambu bags dont have pressure gauges but its the feel part that comes with doing it daily.

d

He had suffered a fatal air embolism as a complication of the gas instilled into his eye.

Isn't the surgeon at fault for this complication?

Would you, as the nurse up at the head of the table, have known what you were seeing, or how to respond?

Um, yeah...It's called a code. ACLS.

Didn't think so. Neither did the nurse in this case.

I don't appreciate you lashing out at me due to your frustration. I can understand why this would be an uncomfortable situation for you. I don't have all of the details of your current situation, however, with the proper training and supervision I do think Registered Nurses are capable of administering conscious sedation. That is my opinion. Please don't assume to know what I know or how I would respond in a given situation. Thank you.

Isn't the surgeon at fault for this complication?

Um, yeah...It's called a code. ACLS.

I don't appreciate you lashing out at me due to your frustration. I can understand why this would be an uncomfortable situation for you. I don't have all of the details of your current situation, however, with the proper training and supervision I do think Registered Nurses are capable of administering conscious sedation. That is my opinion. Please don't assume to know what I know or how I would respond in a given situation. Thank you.

Newnurse, no one is criticizing your nursing skills. I am sure they are extensive.

It is precisely because I have been an operating room nurse for over 25 years--have done years of trauma and paid my dues--as well as having been a Vietnam era corpsman--that I am wise enough to know what I DON'T know.

I know that a CRNA or anesthesiologist might be aware of subtle signs and symptoms of gas embolism (signs and sx such as one might see with "bends" patients, because that is what a gas embolism IS) BEFORE they progress to cardiorespiratory arrest--something as subtle as the patient complaining of a feeling of dizziness or lightheadedness; or something as ominous as blood tinged frothing at the mouth, or the patient suddenly panicking and complaining of a feeling of impending doom, before suddenly losing consciousness.

I know that they would be knowlegeable enough to immediately put the patient into a left lateral decubitus position.

I know that they have the skills and knowledge of equipment to differentiate as to whether a gas embolus is venous or arterial in nature.

I know that they can rapidly intubate and hyperventilate with 100% O2--rather than wasting time inserting an airway and bagging.

I know that they can quickly insert a CVP line and/or a PA line and actually, if quick enough, aspirate gas from the right ventricle.

I know that they can quickly put in an art line and obtain ABGs.

I know that they will be experts at determining what subtle breath sounds and cardiac arrhythmias might signal a problem--ALL BEFORE A CODE OCCURS.

Would you know any of these things? Would I? Would ANY nurse? No--because we are not anesthesia providers, and we have not received the training that they have to know and treat these things.

So, you see, this is why a CRNA or an anesthesiologist needs to be there--for what COULD happen--and, as evidenced by this case, what tragically DID happen.

They could intervene before we even pulled the code cart into the room and started CPR.

They would have intervened while other people might have wasted time pointing fingers and assigning blame.

They could, perhaps, have SAVED this man's life.

I know my limits. Do you?

Sorry I said a darn thing.

Go about your business.

Have a GREAT day.

Stevie

I agree with you on this. I too review med mal and one of the biggest things that get nurses in trouble is engaging in skills that we truly have not been trained in. I have done a fair amt of CS in the ED and I always had a very healthy respect for those drugs..the only reversal I ever had to do was on a 5 yr old..of course I had the ED MD in the room with me. The CS I did was mainly to reset wrists and the pt was only truly under for a couple of mins but if someone asked me to do CS and keep the pt under for a procedure that lasted any length of time..no thanks. Your example was frightening and Yes..I know my limits and NO, I would not want to have been the RN at the head of that table. We all like to consider oursleves as professionals and a seperate medical entity and in a malpractice suit WE ARE...It is liability on the part of the MD however, his is not the a** on the line. If a doc tells a nurse to give a med and gives the nurse an order for a lethal dose..BOTH the MD and the nurse are held accountable. That is part of the responsibility that comes along with being a licensed professional, like it or not.

Another thing I hated doing in the ED was giving the Succs to intubate..with most of the Docs it was okay but we had one that was HORRIBLE at getting the tube down and it ALWAYS became a crisis situation.

Let anethesia do it..that is why they get the BIG BUCKs and the advanced training..:)

Stevierae, I think you have generated alot of worthwhile discussion with this. I applaud your willingness to give attention to this issue.

However, it is interesting to note the responses from those who do not share our concern over this. To nurses who feel comfortable with conscious sedation, I would say this: I strongly encourage you to be very knowledgeable of your institution's policy regarding conscious sedation. Especially whatever indicators are used as evidence that the patient is indeed conscious. Be very careful to not cross this line, either through your own miscalculation, or due to pressure from the person performing the procedure. If they cannot do the procedure with the patient conscious, then it is their responsibility to come up with an alternative plan. Be very aware that your institution will not back you if your performance is outside of the stated policy for conscious sedation. The institution's does not even have to cover you if you are operating outside of policy.

It is easy for us to say that any particular sedation case should be covered by an anesthesia provider. But the reality is that there just aren't enough of us to go around. So mechanisms have developed to get the job done. I am not against RNs giving conscious sedation. I think the problem occurs when something is called "conscious sedation" because that label fits the provider giving the sedation, not because it fits the actual level of sedation achieved.

loisane crna

like you said... giving fluid and t-burg is the first intervention, if you need to add a drug ephedrine/phenylephrine would be a better choice than atropine (for vaso-vagal).

Do you like phenylephrine that much? I've used it a number of times, and I just didn't like the feel of it although the anesthesia counterparts seemed to like it. I much rather prefer Dopamine.

phenylephrine is a way better choice than dopamine for this situation, because the issue is tone and nothing else - phenylephrine hits the tone directly - whereas with dopamine you need a decent dose before you see tone response

Newnurse, no one is criticizing your nursing skills. I am sure they are extensive.

It is precisely because I have been an operating room nurse for over 25 years--have done years of trauma and paid my dues--as well as having been a Vietnam era corpsman--that I am wise enough to know what I DON'T know.

I know that a CRNA or anesthesiologist might be aware of subtle signs and symptoms of gas embolism (signs and sx such as one might see with "bends" patients, because that is what a gas embolism IS) BEFORE they progress to cardiorespiratory arrest--something as subtle as the patient complaining of a feeling of dizziness or lightheadedness; or something as ominous as blood tinged frothing at the mouth, or the patient suddenly panicking and complaining of a feeling of impending doom, before suddenly losing consciousness.

I know that they would be knowlegeable enough to immediately put the patient into a left lateral decubitus position.

I know that they have the skills and knowledge of equipment to differentiate as to whether a gas embolus is venous or arterial in nature.

I know that they can rapidly intubate and hyperventilate with 100% O2--rather than wasting time inserting an airway and bagging.

I know that they can quickly insert a CVP line and/or a PA line and actually, if quick enough, aspirate gas from the right ventricle.

I know that they can quickly put in an art line and obtain ABGs.

I know that they will be experts at determining what subtle breath sounds and cardiac arrhythmias might signal a problem--ALL BEFORE A CODE OCCURS.

Would you know any of these things? Would I? Would ANY nurse? No--because we are not anesthesia providers, and we have not received the training that they have to know and treat these things.

So, you see, this is why a CRNA or an anesthesiologist needs to be there--for what COULD happen--and, as evidenced by this case, what tragically DID happen.

They could intervene before we even pulled the code cart into the room and started CPR.

They would have intervened while other people might have wasted time pointing fingers and assigning blame.

They could, perhaps, have SAVED this man's life.

I know my limits. Do you?

Hi Stevie

i was browsing and found this comment on another thread from NCgirl:

"Just a word of advice to everyone giving Fentanyl, from a former CCL nurse. I've learned in anesthesia school that it can cause sudden chest rigidity that CANNOT be ventilated. The only way to overcome it is to give Succ and paralyze the pt, then intubate. I had no idea about that as an RN giving conscious sedation, but if I had, I would've been much more hesitant to give it. That's a lawsuit waiting to happen!!!"

I was unaware of this ..guess more evidence that only anesthesia should give CS. I took a class every year while working ER to be able to give CS and no one ever taught us this...a little scary.

Erin

.

Hey everyone- I learned that tidbit about Fentanyl, and the other narcs like it, while in my second semester of anesthesia school. Interestingly enough, I've learned all kinds of things about the drugs I used to give all the time in CVRU and CCL, without ever being overly concerned. Now I realize just how dangerous it was. Basically, I think ignorance about just what all these drugs are capable of, makes a new or inexperienced nurse feel safe while giving them. CS is without a doubt what I find the hardest in anesthesia. While I was working in the CCL, I probably had the same attitude of NewNurse--in that I figured, well if anything happens, I can call a code, or anesthesia to come intubate and bail me out. That shouldn't have to happen. THAT is why anesthesia providers should be giving anesthesia, NOT RN's. There is always a need for sedation to be given by nurses, like GI lab, and CCL. (And many others). I guess the point is simply what's been stated before- being able to go a step beyond where you are. I do have to say to the people who say "Well I run Propofol all the time in the unit on my vented pt's."--They are VENTED already. That's the difference here. And I think that may be what some others are trying to get across.

I want to second the already stated: we don't get paid enough to do the sedation. The only reason this came about was so cases could be done without having to wait for an anesthesia professional to be available. When nurses are forced to do it, docs can cont to run revolving door OR's and rake in the most amount of cash.

And another thing. I think that the Anethesia professionals need to run some kind of TV commercial/awareness campaign-asking the question. They should show a pt being wheeled into the OR and have the voice over ask "Who is administering your sedation?" Sort of like a political campaign ad. Then again, they probably won't since most anesth providers still work in hospitals, and they certainly don't want the public to know how safety has become a minor issue.

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