I Hope this is Helpful for last Minute Review

neil890123 · Feb 9, 2011

thanks this should be helpful

illbeanrn · Feb 9, 2011

Thanks, this is really helpful. :)

jabwemet · Feb 9, 2011

Neutropenic Precautions

■ For individuals with compromised immune system

■ Use standard precautions, especially hand hygiene

■ Caregivers and visitors should be free of communicable illnesses

■ Private room if possible; keep room meticulously clean

■ Teach to avoid sources of potential infection (crowds, confined spaces such as airplanes, raw fruits/vegetables, flowers/plants)

Sterile Asepsis

Check expiration date; ensure packages are dry, intact, and stain-free

■ Discard opened sterile solutions older than 24hr; criteria formedicated/antiseptic solutions may differ

■ Place cap on table with inner cap turned up; label with date, time, and initials; avoid touching bottle rim

■ Place sterile equipment inside the outer 1 inch of sterile field

■ Ensure that sterile objects touch only another sterile object

■ Open sterile packages away from sterile field

■ Keep sterile field in one's line of vision

■ Position solution closest to patient; keep field dry and free of moisture

■ Don sterile gloves without contaminating sterile surfaces

■ Keep sterile gloved hands and equipment above level of waist

■ Avoid talking, coughing, sneezing around a sterile field

■ Discard sterile objects that become contaminated or if doubtful

AIRBORNE

■ Used for microorganisms that spread through air (droplet nuclei 5m [e.g., TB, measles, chicken pox])

■ Private room; negative air pressure room; door closed; high-efficiency disposable mask (replace when moist) or particulate respirator (e.g., for TB); transport patient with mask, teach to dispose soiled tissues in fluid impervious bag at bedside.

DROPLET

■ Used for microorganisms spread by large-particle droplets (droplet nuclei 5m, (e.g., pneumonia [streptococcal, mycoplasmal, meningococcal], rubella, mumps, influenza, adenovirus)

■ Private room if available or cohort pts, mask when within 3ft of pt, door open, mask for pt when transporting, teach todispose soiled tissues in fluid-impervious bag at bedside

CONTACT

■ Used for organisms spread by direct or indirect contact; methicillinresistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE), vancomycin intermediate-resistant S. aureus (VISA); enteric pathogens (e.g., E. coli, C. difficile), herpes simplex, pediculosis, hepatitis A and E, varicella zoster, respiratory syncytial virus

■ Private room or cohort pts; gowns, gloves over-gown cuffs; dedicateequipment

Standard Precautions:

■ Perform hand hygiene before and after care and when soiled; most important way to prevent infection

■ Use personal protective equipment (PPE) if touching, spilling, or splashing of blood or body fluids is likely; use gloves, gowns, mask, goggles, shields, aprons, head and foot protection

■ Discard disposable items in fluid-impermeable bag and contaminated items in Biohazard Red Bag

■ Do not recap used needles; dispose in sharps container

■ Hold linen away from body; place in impermeable bag in a covered hamper; do not let hampers overflow

■ Place lab specimens in a leak-proof transport bag without contaminating the outside; label with biohazard sticker and patient information

■ Institute procedure for accidental exposure: Wash area, report to supervisor, receive emergency care, seek referral for follow-up

■ Receive hepatitis B vaccine

■ Assign patient to private room if hygiene practices are unacceptable

■ Avoid eating, drinking, touching eyes, applying makeup in patient areas