CarePlan Chronic Bronchitis

before i go any further, you can also get information and examples on care planning on this thread: https://allnurses.com/general-nursing-student/help-care-plans-286986.html - help with care plans

basically, a care plan is a document that lists out the nursing problems that the patient has along with your strategies on what you are going to do about them. to diagnose, or determine the problems, you must first examine all the data. this is the same process that doctors, car mechanics , plumbers and other professionals go through when problem solving. for us nurses the data (information) that is important for us to examine and consider includes the following:

• a health history (review of systems)
  
• performing a physical exam
  
• assessing their adls (at minimum: bathing, dressing, mobility, eating, toileting, and grooming)
  
• reviewing the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms and complications of their medical condition
  
• reviewing the signs, symptoms and side effects of the medications/treatments that have been ordered and that the patient is taking
  

the abnormal data (what interests us because they are symptoms of problems) you posted was:

• medical diagnosis: acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (this is one of the copd's)
  
• worsening sob
  
• r-26
  
• coughing up yellow sputum
  
• sao2 88% on room air
  
• wheezes and gurgles in chest
  
• smoker
  
• p-120
  
• finger tips brown and clubbed - sign of chronic hypoxemia
  
• wbc slightly elevated
  
• rbc slightly elevated.
  

now, every nursing diagnosis has a set of symptoms. in order to diagnose a nursing problem, the patient must have one or more of the symptoms. when you are first learning to diagnose it is helpful to have a nursing diagnosis reference to help you out. care plan books have this information. two online websites between them have about 80 of the most commonly used nursing diagnoses and information about them:

• http://www1.us.elsevierhealth.com/evolve/ackley/ndh7e/constructor/
  
• http://www1.us.elsevierhealth.com/merlin/gulanick/constructor/index.cfm
  

and, the appendix of recent editions of taber's cyclopedic medical dictionary has the nanda nursing diagnosis taxonomy in it.

from the data above you can diagnose:

• impaired gas exchange r/t alveolar-capillary membrane changes secondary to acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis aeb sao2 of 88% on room air, respiratory rate of 26, pulse of 120 and worsening sob.
  
• ineffective airway clearance r/t secretion in bronchus and smoking aeb wheezes and gurgles in chest, productive cough of yellow sputum and worsening sob.
  
• ineffective health maintenance r/t lack of judgment (?) aeb continued smoking
  

your goals and nursing interventions are then based upon the aeb items (or symptoms) for each of the diagnoses. just as a doctor, mechanic or plumber treats the symptoms or the root cause of a problem, we do the same. for example, for the sao2 of 88% on room air we will have nursing interventions to help correct and bring that to as close to 100% as possible. some interventions will require a physician's order; some will be independent nursing actions. there are four types of nursing interventions (actions) that can be developed for each symptom:

• assess/monitor/evaluate/observe (to evaluate the patient's condition)
  
• care/perform/provide/assist (performing actual patient care)
  
• teach/educate/instruct/supervise (educating patient or caregiver)
  
• manage/refer/contact/notify (managing the care on behalf of the patient or caregiver)
  

im having difficulty with the 3 nursing dx and related to factors. i've never had to do a full care plan on my own and am hitting a wall.

i've come up with ineffective airway clearance r/t bronchial secretion build up and bronchial inflammation????

could impaired gas exchange r/t hypoxemia be a dx???

• clogged up with secretions, as in pneumonia
  
  
• or, damaged as in copd so that gas exchange is severely affected
  
  

risk for infection r/t increased wbc ???