Why is my pt's blood glucose so high?

Nurses General Nursing

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Hey everybody,

Just want to throw a question out and see if I can get an answer before I leave for work tomorrow morning. I do hospice nursing, and I have a pt who just recently had a stroke about 10 days ago. This is not the reason he's on hospice, though. He was on our service prior to this due to CAD. But anyway, he had a stroke about 10 days ago. So, where he used to eat plenty, he now barely consumes a jar of baby food and a half a can of glucerna per day. And his blood sugar has been steadily climbing ever since. He had diabetes prior to this event also, but his BG usually ran between 100-200. Never as high as it currently runs. It's been creeping into the 300-400 range for the last 4-5 days. My interdisciplinary team meeting is tomorrow morning, so I'm going to tell our dr about this and see if he'll give a sliding scale or something. Normally, the pt gets Humulin-N 25units every day, unless his BG is below 70. He has no other insulin or oral anti-diabetic agents.

What I want to know is why this BG is going so high. I've got so much other stuff going on in my head that I just can't focus in on what's causing it to skyrocket like this. I know that BG can become elevated when the body is under stress, and I suppose a stroke does qualify as stress, but should it still qualify as stress since it's been almost 2 weeks since the stroke? I just don't want to look like a complete moron when I tell the dr about this tomorrow and have not even the slightest hint of what might be causing it. He's a nice dr actually, and I know he wouldn't begrudge me a little knowledge, but I'm vain I guess. So, all you A&P gurus out there, please throw me a hint if you can about what's up with my poor pt. All I can guess at is it's either stress from the stroke, or maybe he's developed an infection while he was in the hospital? Thanks so much to anyone who takes a shot! :bow:

Oh, and I guess I'll throw in that the other meds he takes aren't the kind that normally interfere with BG. No steroids or anything. Nothing new...

Specializes in Transgender Medicine.
The OP did say he is NOT on any steroids. I would guess infection. I don't think the Dr. would think less of you for not knowing why his BG is high. I don't see any obvious reason for it to be that high. Maybe they can check a UA and a CBC in the AM to rule out infection. How are his lung sounds? Is it possible he's developed pneumonia?

His lungs are actually souding pretty good for a bedridden person. A little diminished, but nothing scary.

Specializes in Transgender Medicine.
Why is a hospice patient getting bg checks or insulin?

It's considered a comfort measure not to let them suffer from the effects of hyper or hypo glycemia. Plus, it's not part of his hospice dx, which is CAD, so we treat it.

Specializes in Transgender Medicine.

Thanks to all who responded. Now I have something to work with. I gotta run off to work now, though. Thanks again! I'll let you know what we do.

Specializes in LTC, Disease Management, smoking Cessati.

Is he getting fluids? If he isn't eating well, is he drinking well, or on IV fluids. Dehydration can cause a rise in blood sugar as well.

Why is a hospice patient getting bg checks or insulin?

... Quality of life? If bg is too high/low there are symptoms that can be uncomfortable and undesireable for the pt.

Specializes in PACU, ED.

Good luck Bumashes. I have limited hospice experience. I did some private care giving when I was taking my pre-reqs to a gentleman at home on hospice for CHF. Also, my wife has been a hospice nurse for 19 years so I've learned some by osmosis. Here's what I've seen.

My gentleman had CHF, dementia r/t decreased blood flow, NIDDM. When he declined to the point that his oral intake was poor, the hospice d/c the BG checks and talked to the family about his diet. We thickened his ensure and liquids and added frozen smoothie bars which he loved to increase his fluid intake. His quality of life improved. He no longer had the finger pokes which he'd jerk almost every time because they hurt. He loved the smoothie bars. We didn't poke him for labs. We didn't have many lucid moments the last few weeks of his life but when he was with us he knew he was surrounded by family and friends. Anyway, my understanding is decreased intake and dehydration are part of the dying process. We fight that in most areas of nursing but hospice is an area of cease fire. I hope you enjoy your career. I know my wife loves it.

Specializes in Hospital Education Coordinator.

Two things: BS should be addressed NOW, not when everyone can get together, or it could be construed as negligence.

Second: Palliative care can mean therapies, antibiotics, surgeries---all sorts of things. It does not prevent the disease from progressing but does make the quality of life better for whatever time that is

Specializes in School, ICU, CCU, ED, Burn, Tele, Trauma.

i was a neuro icu nurse prior to the car accident that happily brought me into school nursing...anyhoo..stroke can cause swelling in the brain causing stress hormone release which can elevate blood sugar levels for a long time following a stroke. here is a link to a great article explaining it all from the american heart association...

http://stroke.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/22/7/842.pdf

dawn, rn :paw:

illinois school rn

Specializes in Transgender Medicine.

Alrighty, for those of you who want to know what happened today:

It didn't turn out quite how I wanted, but I guess I'm still in the "hospital nurse" mindset. I want to fix people still. But, I'm in hospice. We control symptoms and pain. Anyway, I told the dr what I was seeing. He gave me orders for a sliding scale with Humulin-R, which is part of what I wanted. As for the labs that I wanted...nope. He said it was probably due to the stress from the stroke. Unless other symptoms show up, that's what we'll go by. I also got the pt a duragesic patch, since the pt is having difficulty communicating his needs, I figured I would rather him have an ongoing pain med than have to rely on his family to recognize his s/s of pain. So, at the least he will hopefully get the BG under control. Thanks so much to everyone who offered advice! :yeah:

Specializes in Transgender Medicine.
Two things: BS should be addressed NOW, not when everyone can get together, or it could be construed as negligence.

Second: Palliative care can mean therapies, antibiotics, surgeries---all sorts of things. It does not prevent the disease from progressing but does make the quality of life better for whatever time that is

Don't worry, it's not that I wasn't trying to act on the BG immediately, the family didn't want it. Hard to explain really. It's a can-o-worms. The primary dr is a total idiot. Won't call you back...EVER! I've even had the pt's family members go and sit in his office to wait for him to get off his butt and do something for the pt...and believe me, he will wait until doomsday to see them, and then usually denies their request. I had been trying to get ahold of this guy all day yesterday. Finally, when I was about to explode, the family said that they would rather I just wait to see the LMD (our hospice dr) b/c they knew my meeting with him was the next day (today.) They firmly believe that the pt is declining towards the end. And he is, but I just want that IMMEDIATE fix like you get when you're in the hospital setting. Anyway, after talking with them -at length- they decided upon waiting for me to see the LMD. It was their choice, not mine, and it is clearly documented for my CYA protection. This is also why I didn't know about the 300-400 BG's sooner. The family started seeing this over the weekend and didn't notify until I visited yesterday. I'm the one who flipped out over it, not them. They just view it as a natural part of his dying process, which may be true, but I still don't like him having those BG's that high. Also, they have the healthcare POA...yay. Anyway, rest assured I am not TRYING to let a pt suffer while I skip along waiting for things to get more convenient. It's just a difficult situation.

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