Somogyi vs Dawn phenomenon

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I need help please. Can someone please explain the difference between somogyi phenomenon & dawn phenomenon & which insulin doses would need to be adjusted for each to avoid these? TIA!!:bugeyes:

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Somogyi is morning hyperglycemia as a result of hypoglycemia during the night and is the result of too high of a dose of insulin at night. Dawn phenomenon is morning hyperglycermia without hypoglycemia during the night and is a result of normal cycles within the body.

Here is a website that explains it more: http://www.dlife.com/dLife/do/ShowContent/inspiration_expert_advice/expert_columns/garnero_0106.html

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Per Saunders NCLEX prep

Dawn Phenomenon results from reduced tissue sensitivity to insulin that develops between 5 and 8 am (dawn). Prebreakfast hyperglycemia occurs. So you'll wake up hyper at dawn.

Tx: Administer an evening dose of intermediate-acting insulin at 10 pm.

Somogyi's phenomenon hypoglycemia occurs at 2 to 3 am. By 7 am the blood glucose rebounds significantly to the hyperglycemic range. I remember this with (I have a brother named Yogi who's a musician), the club closes at 2-3 in the morning, Yogi is low so off to breakfast he goes.

Tx: Decrease the evening (predinner or bedtime) dose of intermediate-acting insulin or increase the bedtime snack.

Hope that helps

Sippy

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