Providing Inclusive Healthcare: LGBTQ Community

[Sara Temple, BSN]

Healthcare professionals are called to care for any and every patient in need. These patients cover a broad spectrum of humanity. Variety can be found in our patients across age, gender, religion, race, socioeconomic status, and a plethora of other characteristics. It is important and necessary that our care be inclusive of all of these various patient populations.

One such group that has often been marginalized is the LGBTQ community. This group comprises those people who identify as any sexual orientation other than straight (lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, and many others) as well as those who identify as transgender (a gender other than that which was assigned to them at birth). Members of the LGBTQ community have historically experienced extreme discrimination throughout society, often leaving them fearful to reveal their identities. Studies have shown that this population may be reluctant to seek healthcare related to their valid fears of being misunderstood, misgendered, or mistreated. Many healthcare providers report a lack of knowledge on issues specific to the LGBTQ community. Familiarizing yourself with terms describing gender identity, sexual orientation, and gender expression can be easily done by seeking out training materials or videos online.

Individuals who identify as LGBTQ have unique needs when it comes to their healthcare. Statistically, members of this population have an increased risk for sexually transmitted infections and some cancers. Mental health needs are equally important; studies show that LGBTQ individuals are at higher risk for self-harm and suicidal thoughts or attempts. Often this increased risk is related to feelings of rejection by family or peers. Having at least one accepting adult in the life of an LGBTQ young person can significantly reduce suicide risk. As medical professionals, we may be one of the only allies in their lives, and it is important that we are capable and prepared to take on that role.

Additionally, reproductive health is an important facet of LGBTQ healthcare that can be unmet. Specifically, in the transgender population, reproductive health needs often go overlooked. Patients who present as a gender other than that which they were assigned at birth still need gender-related reproductive screening, and they need a place where they feel safe to seek such care. Some transgender patients may choose to have gender-affirming surgery, but there are many who do not. Therefore, it is necessary to educate patients on the need for gynecological and urological exams regardless of the person's presenting gender. It is the responsibility of healthcare providers to become informed about these needs as well as to screen their patients for these healthcare conditions without judgment or prejudice.

There are many simple interventions that can indicate to LGBTQ individuals that they are affirmed by their healthcare provider. One of the easiest ways to do this is by calling the patient by their specified name and pronouns. The patient's legal name and gender may not match the way they identify, so it is important to be sure they are recognized the way they request. Using gender-neutral language or inclusive statements is another way to help patients feel safe and comfortable. For example, ask about their spouse or partner instead of asking a patient about their husband or wife. Other practical strategies include using inclusive language on registration forms and other paperwork, displaying your own pronouns on your nametag or business card, and being intentional about educating yourself and others in your practice on the needs of this community. Make an effort to use the language and terms each patient uses. If you make a mistake, acknowledge that and apologize. Making your practice a place where LGBTQ individuals feel welcome will open the door to addressing their specific healthcare needs.

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References/Resources

Improving pathways to primary health care among LGBTQ populations and health care providers: key findings from Nova Scotia, Canada: BioMed Central

A Novel Curriculum for Medical Student Training in LGBTQ Healthcare: A Regional Pathway Experience: SAGE Publishing

Providing Inclusive Services and Care for LGBT People: National LGBT Health Education Center

Facts About LGBTQ Youth Suicide: The Trevor Project