Any advice for the Endocrine chapter Test

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this is one of my last test for A&P and its the endocrine system does anyone know what are some major thing i should focus on?

thank you :o

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Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
this is one of my last test for A&P and its the endocrine system does anyone know what are some major thing i should focus on?

thank you :o

This is a nice review:

http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_gGENH/is_/ai_2699003272/print

Some other great review sites:

http://www.msjensen.gen.umn.edu/webanatomy/wa_endocrine/default.htm

http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/endosample.html

http://www.biol.sc.edu/courses/bio102/f97-41.html

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this is one of my last test for A&P and its the endocrine system does anyone know what are some major thing i should focus on?

thank you :o

When we were covering the endocrine system in A+P, I happened to have a routine appt with my primary doc. She asked me how school was going,and I shook my head and said, "I don't think I'll ever understand all this endocrine stuff...."

She laughed really hard and said, "I don't even understand the endocrine system...that's why we have endocrinologists!" :rotfl: :rotfl: :rotfl:

Now I realize this doesn't help you much....but I thought it might give you some perspective. Review as best you can, and just know that it's about as tough as it gets as A+P goes. Just do your best!

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I think thyroid problems and the thyroid produces three hormones with the help of IODINE . T3,T4, and calcitonin.

Every test over this I have ever had brings up graves disease (hyperthyroid) think TOO MUCH ENERGY. you can picture this person underweight, hyper, nervous, short attention span, increase appetite/BP/GI,enlarged thyroid. High T4 lab. TX: Iodine, beta blocker ( maybe inderal because BB's decrease anxiety/HR/BP) radioactive Iodine (One dose kills thyroid cells, no personal contact and watch for a thyroid storm( increase hyperthyroid symptoms x100 I would think stroke or MI) Thyroidectomy ( ele hob, watch for bleed behind neck, trach at bedside, monitor for hoorificeness - the parathyroid is right behind the thyroid and could be removed in process and would cause the serum ca to drop leading to seizures or rigidity.

Hypothyroid is the opposite. can lead to retardation. Think slow, overweight, slow speech, etc. called cretinism when someone is born with it. meds for life usually a synthroid and it will increase their bp, hr, etc.

parathyroid secretes PTH that pulls ca from the bone. think increased ca increased sedation. a partial parathyroidectomy would reduce some of the PTH. **watch for seizures with decreased ca.

hypoparathyroidism think hypocalcemia. Not enough PTH means not enough sedation.

** if you have a lab question about serum ca or serum phos remember they have an inverse relationship. If one is high the other is low, etc.

really look over your information on adrenal problems. Think Fight or Flight.(epi or norepi)

Glucococorticoids think about the man at the gym with big Gluts and think steroids, mean, irritable, depressed. breakdown of protein and fats.suppressed immunity and blood sugar increase because insulin is inhibited.

Addisons is a popular test question- hypoaldosterone- decreased na and water increased k. ** remember aldosterone makes you retain na and h2o. secrete potassium.

Cushings is a popular subject- too many steroids. thin extremitys, thick trunk, buffalo hump, central obesity, hyperglycemic, moon faced, high bp.

diabetes insulin dependent- type I- no insulin so glucose builds up. dka may be first sign. cells breaking down fat and proteins. ketones.

Non Insulin Dep. type II- not enough insulin- usually overwieight, usually noticed after freq yeast infections, wounds that don't heal. TX diet and exercise then if necessary add insulin.

** reg insulin only one that can be given iv.

*** when drawing up insulin you draw up clear before cloudy. reg then nph.

*** pt should eat when insulin is at its peak.

** sick or stressed may require more insulin

Dka- these are the ones you see come in and go to the unit- bs extremely high- we just had a pt with bs of 1700. cant afford meds, or non compliant, or never knew they were diabetic. they have polyuria, and polydypsia, they are trying to blow off co2 so you see kussmauls respirations, they are acidotic so they are very confused and disoriented. They get iv insulin, hourly BS, and EKG ( when K levels go up or down think arrhythmia), strict I&O's. ABG's. Think shocky. These people are scary. They usually get ns iv until bs goes down to about 300 then it is switched to d5w to keep from making they hypoglycemic, insulin iv is still running at this point. I have seen these people die or a few days later they are out on the floor, stable, and loc returned. Its sad because some of these people you will see again because non comp, or cant afford meds.

Hope some of this helps

Up Vote Up Vote ×
Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
I think thyroid problems and the thyroid produces three hormones with the help of IODINE . T3,T4, and calcitonin.

Every test over this I have ever had brings up graves disease (hyperthyroid) think TOO MUCH ENERGY. you can picture this person underweight, hyper, nervous, short attention span, increase appetite/BP/GI,enlarged thyroid. High T4 lab. TX: Iodine, beta blocker ( maybe inderal because BB's decrease anxiety/HR/BP) radioactive Iodine (One dose kills thyroid cells, no personal contact and watch for a thyroid storm( increase hyperthyroid symptoms x100 I would think stroke or MI) Thyroidectomy ( ele hob, watch for bleed behind neck, trach at bedside, monitor for hoorificeness - the parathyroid is right behind the thyroid and could be removed in process and would cause the serum ca to drop leading to seizures or rigidity.

Hypothyroid is the opposite. can lead to retardation. Think slow, overweight, slow speech, etc. called cretinism when someone is born with it. meds for life usually a synthroid and it will increase their bp, hr, etc.

parathyroid secretes PTH that pulls ca from the bone. think increased ca increased sedation. a partial parathyroidectomy would reduce some of the PTH. **watch for seizures with decreased ca.

hypoparathyroidism think hypocalcemia. Not enough PTH means not enough sedation.

** if you have a lab question about serum ca or serum phos remember they have an inverse relationship. If one is high the other is low, etc.

really look over your information on adrenal problems. Think Fight or Flight.(epi or norepi)

Glucococorticoids think about the man at the gym with big Gluts and think steroids, mean, irritable, depressed. breakdown of protein and fats.suppressed immunity and blood sugar increase because insulin is inhibited.

Addisons is a popular test question- hypoaldosterone- decreased na and water increased k. ** remember aldosterone makes you retain na and h2o. secrete potassium.

Cushings is a popular subject- too many steroids. thin extremitys, thick trunk, buffalo hump, central obesity, hyperglycemic, moon faced, high bp.

diabetes insulin dependent- type I- no insulin so glucose builds up. dka may be first sign. cells breaking down fat and proteins. ketones.

Non Insulin Dep. type II- not enough insulin- usually overwieight, usually noticed after freq yeast infections, wounds that don't heal. TX diet and exercise then if necessary add insulin.

** reg insulin only one that can be given iv.

*** when drawing up insulin you draw up clear before cloudy. reg then nph.

*** pt should eat when insulin is at its peak.

** sick or stressed may require more insulin

Dka- these are the ones you see come in and go to the unit- bs extremely high- we just had a pt with bs of 1700. cant afford meds, or non compliant, or never knew they were diabetic. they have polyuria, and polydypsia, they are trying to blow off co2 so you see kussmauls respirations, they are acidotic so they are very confused and disoriented. They get iv insulin, hourly BS, and EKG ( when K levels go up or down think arrhythmia), strict I&O's. ABG's. Think shocky. These people are scary. They usually get ns iv until bs goes down to about 300 then it is switched to d5w to keep from making they hypoglycemic, insulin iv is still running at this point. I have seen these people die or a few days later they are out on the floor, stable, and loc returned. Its sad because some of these people you will see again because non comp, or cant afford meds.

Hope some of this helps

Excellent post, mandrews :) Thank you so much.

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