Desired Characteristics of Effective Nurse Educators - My Ideal Nursing Instructor

As nurse faculty, we constantly strive to be the most effective instructors that we can be. The effective nurse educator, whether operating in the clinical setting or classroom, must demonstrate astute interpersonal skills, clinical competency, professionalism, and an understanding of the principles of adult learning. Specialties Educators Article

Consumer satisfaction is becoming increasingly important in institutes of higher learning. In order to be more accountable to taxpayers and politicians, scarce educational funds are being linked to optimal performance and outcomes. A pivotal factor for student success is the teacher's interpersonal and instructional abilities. Therefore, faculty pay raises, retention, promotion, and tenure are often tied into student evaluation scores on teaching effectiveness.

What characteristics of nursing instructors do learners consider ideal or most helpful to their success as nursing students? The following desirable educator attributes have been gleaned from a literature search:

Instructional ability/ communication skills

  • communicates effectively; breaks down content in a down-to-earth manner
  • clear goals, expectations, deadlines, desired outcomes
  • organized
  • knowledgeable of course materials
  • interacts with students
  • enthusiastic, energetic, eager
  • well-prepared
  • self-confident
  • creative

Interpersonal skills

  • encouraging demeanor
  • friendly attitude
  • mentoring approach
  • motivational
  • supportive
  • respectful
  • receptive to people and ideas
  • open minded, objective, non-judgmental

Personality traits

  • attentive
  • nurturing
  • demonstrates concern about students
  • flexible, easy-going manner
  • sense of humor

Accessibility

  • approachable, welcoming
  • has designated office hours

Nursing competence/ professionalism

  • good role model
  • dedicated
  • clearly enjoys nursing and teaching
  • skilled clinician

Evaluation procedures

  • provides study guides/ outlines
  • provides timely, constructive, and specific feedback
  • gives tests that reflect course objectives, lecture materials, and study guides

Faculty should be receptive to student ratings and comments in end-of-semester evaluations. Student feedback is critical to improving the course and instructor effectiveness. research indicates that student suggestions regarding teaching style, course design, and delivery of material in the classroom or clinical settings are usually valid and should not be discounted. Criticism involving other matters, such as the instructor's knowledge base, may not be as accurate.

Nurse faculty should seek to be positive role models for students and should establish a relationship of mutual respect. Although high standards must be upheld and difficult situations occasionally arise, educators should be tolerant of minor student inadequacies and sensitive to student anxieties. Faculty should attempt to understand learners' fears and stressors and truly care about the students.


References

role transition from expert clinician to clinical instructor

benoir, d. e., & leviyof, i. (1997). the development of students' perceptions of effective teaching: the ideal, best and poorest clinical teacher in nursing. journal of nursing education, 36(5), 206-211.

berg, c. l., & lindseth, g. (2004). students' perceptions of effective and ineffective nursing instructors. journal of nursing education, 43(12), 565-568.

morgan, j., & knox, j. e. (1987). characteristics of 'best' and 'worst' clinical teachers as perceived by university nursing faculty and students. journal of advanced nursing, 12, 331-337.

tang, f., chou, s., & chiang, h. (2005). students' perceptions of effective and ineffective clinical instructors. journal of nursing education, 44(4), 187-192.

whitehead, d. k., & sandiford, j. r. (1997). characteristics of effective clinical and theory instructors as perceived by lpn to rn students and generic students in an associate degree nursing program. retrieved june 26, 2009, from Journal of Health Occupations Education | University of Central Florida

wieck, k. l. (2003). faculty for the millennium: changes needed to attract the emerging workforce into nursing. journal of nursing education, 42(4), 151-158.

Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
Thanks "Vicky" for this timely submission. It reminds us of the things that matter most to adult learners. As I completed my own instructor evals, I utilized these thoughts in submitting my feedback. Look forward to seeing you soon!

Thank you. Look forward to seeing you soon, also. Looks like it is going to be a very busy fall! :bugeyes:

Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
Wonderful post as usual, Vicky. The only thing I would add is one of the first things my teacher taught me in LPN school -- meet people where they are, as they are. If you've got a student who has more than basic knowledge in one area of an RN program (EMT, Paramedic, LPN, ICU tech, whatever), please, please teach to keep that person engaged.

And also realize that just because a student may have had a lot of experience in one area, they may not have that same level of experience in another; because of where I work, I can deal with cardiac problems, read strips, etc.; I have to, it's my job -- we laugh and say some weeks, we're "Codes R Us." That doesn't mean I will have the same level of experience or confidence when I do a rotation in OB/GYN -- I'm ACLS, not PALS certified. I know what normal "abnormal" values are common in a dying CHFer or COPDer, but I'm going to be sweating bullets next semester, where we do babies. My youngest patient out in the world was a 9 year old, and I hovered on that kid like a Chinook helicopter.

This is excellent advice for a clinical instructor - approach student learners on an individual basis. Find out which patients/ clinical experiences most suit the individual student. As for classroom instructors, they need to teach at the lowest common denominator and proceed from there ("line upon line, precept upon precept").

Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
I have one instructor that is happy and fun and relates stories about illnesses with patients she had which helps us remember what to do and how the disease progresses. Everyone LOVES her but she is firm when it comes to reviewing test questions. But let me say, her test questions are usually straight up. We have a few instructors that throw in those questions that you can't answer or it's one tiny sentence in a chapter of 60 pages. Nursing school IS a lot of work. I don't know how the people that work or have kids at home do it. I personally have no life. It's school, studying, studying, studying. I carry a book with me at all times incase I get stuck in traffic or have to wait for 5 mins somewhere. This is a lot to learn in two years and people's lives depend on us knowing it ALL BY HEART. Yes, there are the whiners. I'm tired of them too but for some reason they don't seem to whine so much to the happy teacher. We actually asked for her to pin us in December when we graduate because she's our favorite.

Thank you for sharing :)

Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
These are things we all know, but you did a very good job of putting them all together in one place. Thank you.

Thank you :)

As a clinical instructor and former classroom instructor I think I portray the majority of the characteristics of the ideal nursing instructor. I don't do exams or exam reviews anymore, however, I do encourage the students to ask me about questions on the exams that they don't understand. If I don't understand where the instructor that made the question is coming from I will contact her and ask, then I can relate the answer to the students...even then there are answers I don't agree with or that instructors logic for the answer.:banghead: I also quiz them on content, simple statements made by staff or pts, and conditions/situations. I tell them on the first day of clinical what is expected of them (along with handout) and consequences if expectations are not met/ignored...cuts down on "I didn't know" statements, nothing makes me madder/crazier than a student telling me they "didn't know" when I know that it was put on the handout and discussed the first day of clinical.:bugeyes: Prior to going into their clinical specialties, they are given handouts that are to be read and questions to be answered while in the specialty. Post conference is a review of the day with any issues, interesting situations, problems being discussed and some of these get very lively. What I enjoy the most about the students is that I can learn something from them everyday and they most definately keep me on my toes!:bowingpur:yeah:

Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
As a clinical instructor and former classroom instructor I think I portray the majority of the characteristics of the ideal nursing instructor. I don't do exams or exam reviews anymore, however, I do encourage the students to ask me about questions on the exams that they don't understand. If I don't understand where the instructor that made the question is coming from I will contact her and ask, then I can relate the answer to the students...even then there are answers I don't agree with or that instructors logic for the answer.:banghead: I also quiz them on content, simple statements made by staff or pts, and conditions/situations. I tell them on the first day of clinical what is expected of them (along with handout) and consequences if expectations are not met/ignored...cuts down on "I didn't know" statements, nothing makes me madder/crazier than a student telling me they "didn't know" when I know that it was put on the handout and discussed the first day of clinical.:bugeyes: Prior to going into their clinical specialties, they are given handouts that are to be read and questions to be answered while in the specialty. Post conference is a review of the day with any issues, interesting situations, problems being discussed and some of these get very lively. What I enjoy the most about the students is that I can learn something from them everyday and they most definately keep me on my toes!:bowingpur:yeah:

Thank you for sharing :) We have a little booklet that we make for our students to use in the peds clinical areas. It is chock full of pediatric assessment facts and other pertinent data (such as codes to supply rooms and layout of the pediatric floor). And, yes, they are responsible for its content from day one. They are also instructed to always bring it to clinical, as it is an essential reference.

Specializes in ICU, APHERESIS, IV THERAPY, ONCOLOGY, BC.

Thank you Vicky for the clear and comprehensive breakdown of characteristics/competencies desired in an ideal nursing instructor. Adult education contains many crucial underlying aspects which influence motivation, learning and asimilation. The profile of nurses today covers a vast range from new grad to mature, experienced individuals-some desirous of a career change to the profession.

Alongside the necessary competencies in education, the reality of breakdown and classification of competencies or what the student brings to the classroom and working environment would be an topic of research relevant to today's health care system. The need for psychological support for ongoing self esteem and awareness, for all learners is vital to build and maintain confidence in self assessment, a form of *experiential learning* (Kolb) where single loop learning leads to double loop or triple loop learning as knowledge is reinforced in practice. I think that this is a vital aspect in nursing education as real gaps can exist between stimulation and application of knowledge, especially where support has been removed. As the profession of Nursing and as nurses, we inadvertently sabotage learning through overwork and the imposed requirement to wear two caps, that of the worker and the self motivated learner often with severely bruised egos and diminished self esteem in the workplace. Today, our challenge is to find a new approach to the profession by first breaking down our own self assessments and behaviours in order to own our profession and maintain a level of excellence in professional service without being willing victims.

Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
Thank you Vicky for the clear and comprehensive breakdown of characteristics/competencies desired in an ideal nursing instructor. Adult education contains many crucial underlying aspects which influence motivation, learning and asimilation. The profile of nurses today covers a vast range from new grad to mature, experienced individuals-some desirous of a career change to the profession.

Alongside the necessary competencies in education, the reality of breakdown and classification of competencies or what the student brings to the classroom and working environment would be an topic of research relevant to today's health care system. The need for psychological support for ongoing self esteem and awareness, for all learners is vital to build and maintain confidence in self assessment, a form of *experiential learning* (Kolb) where single loop learning leads to double loop or triple loop learning as knowledge is reinforced in practice. I think that this is a vital aspect in nursing education as real gaps can exist between stimulation and application of knowledge, especially where support has been removed. As the profession of Nursing and as nurses, we inadvertently sabotage learning through overwork and the imposed requirement to wear two caps, that of the worker and the self motivated learner often with severely bruised egos and diminished self esteem in the workplace. Today, our challenge is to find a new approach to the profession by first breaking down our own self assessments and behaviours in order to own our profession and maintain a level of excellence in professional service without being willing victims.

Thank you for a very enlightening post, joyouter. Affective components (such as motivation, confidence, self-esteem, perception, and support) exert such a critical influence on the teaching-learning process. And these are often underestimated or left out of the equation entirely. And yes, we need to avoid the draconian demands of additive curricula, to stop overloading the learners with too much information. I agree, also, that we need to take ownership of our profession and our professional work environments. Others have dictated to nursing for too long, what nursing should be and how nursing should operate.

Teach us with real life experiences and stories. We will remember that. Just reading us a powerpoint that we can read for our self doesn't work and it is boring. Engage us in conversations and debates and be willing to except another point of view. Yes even educators can get stuck in their own preferences at time. Ex. breastfeeding is the best versus bottle feeding.

Spoken like a typical nursing student. Just one thing to note... yes, scenerios are nice and are a lot of fun after you learn the basics and the normals.... Nursing is learning to recognize the normals vs the abnormals; then planning your care to met the patient's needs. As an instructor that has taught all levels of nursing, I have to say that too many students think they can learn best with scenerios and don't bother to memorize the normal values. Nursing is great fun and very rewarding but it is not all "codes" and "abnormals"; sometimes it is just caring and being there. Watching and waiting. Doing tasks.... Yes, I give lots of examples and tell lots of stories when I teach and never get a bad evaluation from the students--- but the message needs to go out that all students gets what they want out of classes. I see the first semester instructors getting beat up by evaluations all the time because the newest students have a hard time believing that not all people are ment to be a nurse... It takes a very special heart to care that much.

Specializes in Gerontological, cardiac, med-surg, peds.
Nursing is learning to recognize the normals vs the abnormals; then planning your care to met the patient's needs. As an instructor that has taught all levels of nursing, I have to say that too many students think they can learn best with scenerios and don't bother to memorize the normal values. Nursing is great fun and very rewarding but it is not all "codes" and "abnormals"; sometimes it is just caring and being there. Watching and waiting. Doing tasks.... Yes, I give lots of examples and tell lots of stories when I teach and never get a bad evaluation from the students--- but the message needs to go out that all students gets what they want out of classes. I see the first semester instructors getting beat up by evaluations all the time because the newest students have a hard time believing that not all people are ment to be a nurse... It takes a very special heart to care that much.

Thank you for your insightful post, dream a dream, and welcome to allnurses! :welcome:

My favorite instructors so far have been enthusiatic. I actually felt like they really wanted me to learn and were happy when it was evident I was "getting it". The older women that had been nurses for years "have seen it all, done it all and know who I am". That's not true. I've been working since I was 15, owned my own business, raised my children, have grandchildren and made straight A's to get into nursing school. Some instructors treat us like young children who need to be reminded to behave. Why not treat us like the hard working students we are? Nursing is the hardest thing I've ever done in school and as a life long learner at 51 that says a lot. I think instructors should treat students with a little more respect because we worked hard to get in or you wouldn't have picked us. We don't know much but that's what we are counting on you to do, teach us. We want to learn. We want to do it right. There is so much stress to be perfect and some are struggling just to pass. Some people just dismiss us because we are nursing students but just think, we may be your nurse some day!

I could not have said this better myself. Some of the instructors that I have had so far have absolutely no tact and stress you out more than you already are. They should read the oath they took to be reminded they should do no harm!

This article describes well what an effective instructor/ faculty should be. The traits identified here are crucial to the success of learning and teaching process. It apparent that one characteristic might deem insufficient if an instructor lacks one of the others. It is however reasonable to say that no instructor is perfect. Therefore, it is in students' benefit to get to know their instructor and be able to accept and appreciate their good side while learning how to deal with the instructor's other side. This is where the evaluations and office times come into play. They give students and instructors an opportunity to look at themselves in the mirror and be able to progress in their work of learning and teaching.