It's important to realise that 30-40 % of the general population are colonised by Staph Aureus which for most of the time does not cause us any problems... just part of our normal body flora.
The first resistant staph aureus (Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus) appeared I believe in the 1950's - shortly after the introduction of the first antibiotics.
Studies done on health care workers show that we do pick up MRSA at work, BUT that we tend to become transient carriers, meaning that we tend to "lose" the MRSA bacteria shortly, with our normal body flora prevailing.
The problem is that we can and do transmit the bacteria to others who are more at risk from being colonised with an antibiotic resistant bacteria (the immunocompromised person, those with wounds, drains etc). The risk is in the
potential to develop an infection....don't forget the difference in
colonised and
infected with MRSA!
Studies on handwashing consistantly show poor compliance (some with as little as 50% compliance) -so if health care workers are not washing their hands, it's hardly surprising that transmission is rampant. By the way, nurses are much better at washing their hands than any other class of health care workers
Regarding the control of resistant Staph Aureus in health care facilities, you need to refer to your state or provincial guidelines. (I doubt very much that you would be allowed to "refuse" to admit a person colonised by MRSA).
In most of North America MRSA is considered endemic in most acute care facilities, and yes those affected recover from their acute illness and are discharged home into the community whether or not they are carriers of MRSA. Many will decolonise by themselves after discharge from the hospital, some may not... The end result is that the incidence of MRSA in the community is on the rise.
For general information on MRSA - the CDC web site has a wealth of information.
Nursing News