knowlege deficit student

KelRN215, BSN, RN · Apr 21, 2014

Well, what is your assessment of the patient?

loriangel14, RN · Apr 21, 2014

Ok so what is your assessment data? What are your patient's needs and what will be your priorities?

ArrowRN, BSN, RN · Apr 21, 2014

I'm assuming this is for prior to seeing the patient since you got no assessment data. We had to do something similar. Do you have any lab values? Remember nursing diagnosis has to do with what is currently going on with your patient and has very little to do with the past medical history.

Ask yourself questions...what is metabolic encephalopathy? what are expected lab values for someone with metabolic encephalopathy? cephalo has to do with the brain, the brain hates changes - what will you expect to see in the patient?

also what is one of the biggest risk for someone who drinks lots of alcohol? will their liver be working correctly? what does the liver do? Well one of its jobs is it pulls nutrients from the intestines. If there is liver damage what is the patient at most risk for? Nutrition deficit - is just one nursing diagnosis.

I'm just trying to show you how to go through the this process is how you can start coming up with valid nursing diagnoses. You can ask yourself the same for anemia and the others and create a priority list. However, you'd need a current assessment data because when you see the patient the nursing diagnosis may change.

Esme12, ASN, BSN, RN · Apr 21, 2014

We are happy to help ....What semester are you? What care plan resource do you have?

Care plans are all about the patient assessment.

Here is my standard speech.....

Let the patient/patient assessment drive your diagnosis. Do not try to fit the patient to the diagnosis you found first. You need to know the pathophysiology of your disease process. You need to assess your patient, collect data then find a diagnosis. Let the patient data drive the diagnosis.

The medical diagnosis is the disease itself. It is what the patient has not necessarily what the patient needs. the nursing diagnosis is what are you going to do about it, what are you going to look for, and what do you need to do/look for first.

Care plans when you are in school are teaching you what you need to do to actually look for, what you need to do to intervene and improve for the patient to be well and return to their previous level of life or to make them the best you you can be. It is trying to teach you how to think like a nurse.

Think of the care plan as a recipe to caring for your patient. your plan of how you are going to care for them. how you are going to care for them. what you want to happen as a result of your caring for them. What would you like to see for them in the future, even if that goal is that you don't want them to become worse, maintain the same, or even to have a peaceful pain free death.

Every single nursing diagnosis has its own set of symptoms, or defining characteristics. they are listed in the NANDA taxonomy and in many of the current nursing care plan books that are currently on the market that include nursing diagnosis information. You need to have access to these books when you are working on care plans. You need to use the nursing diagnoses that NANDA has defined and given related factors and defining characteristics for. These books have what you need to get this information to help you in writing care plans so you diagnose your patients correctly.

Don't focus your efforts on the nursing diagnoses when you should be focusing on the assessment and the patients abnormal data that you collected. These will become their symptoms, or what NANDA calls defining characteristics. From a very wise an contributor daytonite.......make sure you follow these steps first and in order and let the patient drive your diagnosis not try to fit the patient to the diagnosis you found first.

Here are the steps of the nursing process and what you should be doing in each step when you are doing a written care plan: ADPIE from our Daytonite

Assessment
(collect data from medical record, do a physical assessment of the patient, assess ADLS, look up information about your patient's medical diseases/conditions to learn about the signs and symptoms and pathophysiology)
Determination of the patient's problem(s)/nursing diagnosis
(make a list of the abnormal assessment data, match your abnormal assessment data to likely nursing diagnoses, decide on the nursing diagnoses to use)
Planning
(write measurable goals/outcomes and nursing interventions)
Implementation
(initiate the care plan)
Evaluation
(determine if goals/outcomes have been met)

Care plan reality: The foundation of any care plan is the signs, symptoms or responses that patient is having to what is happening to them. What is happening to them could be the medical disease, a physical condition, a failure to perform ADLS (activities of daily living), or a failure to be able to interact appropriately or successfully within their environment. Therefore, one of your primary goals as a problem solver is to collect as much data as you can get your hands on. The more the better. You have to be the detective and always be on the alert and lookout for clues, at all times, and that is Step #1 of the nursing process.

Assessment is an important skill. It will take you a long time to become proficient in assessing patients. Assessment not only includes doing the traditional head-to-toe exam, but also listening to what patients have to say and questioning them. History can reveal import clues. It takes time and experience to know what questions to ask to elicit good answers (interview skills). Part of this assessment process is knowing the pathophysiology of the medical disease or condition that the patient has. But, there will be times that this won't be known. Just keep in mind that you have to be like a nurse detective always snooping around and looking for those clues.

A nursing diagnosis standing by itself means nothing. The meat of this care plan of yours will lie in the abnormal data (symptoms) that you collected during your assessment of this patient......in order for you to pick any nursing diagnoses for a patient you need to know what the patient's symptoms are. Although your patient isn't real you do have information available.

What I would suggest you do is to work the nursing process from step #1.

Take a look at the information you collected on the patient during your physical assessment and review of their medical record. Start making a list of abnormal data which will now become a list of their symptoms. Don't forget to include an assessment of their ability to perform ADLS (because that's what we nurses shine at). The ADLS are bathing, dressing, transferring from bed or chair, walking, eating, toilet use, and grooming. and, one more thing you should do is to look up information about symptoms that stand out to you.

What is the physiology and what are the signs and symptoms (manifestations) you are likely to see in the patient.

Did you miss any of the signs and symptoms in the patient? if so, now is the time to add them to your list.

This is all part of preparing to move onto step #2 of the process which is determining your patient's problem and choosing nursing diagnoses. but, you have to have those signs, symptoms and patient responses to back it all up.

Care plan reality: What you are calling a nursing diagnosis is actually a shorthand label for the patient problem.. The patient problem is more accurately described in the definition of the nursing diagnosis.

Esme12, ASN, BSN, RN · Apr 21, 2014

Know tell me what you KNOW about your patient

slusk · Apr 21, 2014

Thank you and sorry for not posting the assessment.

A 63 year old male with history of alcoholism, diabetes mellitus (brittle), anemia and depression disorder as well as chronic kidney disease. He has OT and PT x2 daily; hands are contracted and ® BKA. Pt has foley cath and has history of constipation. Stage 1 pressure ulcer with excoriation. I am thinking my nursing diagnosis will be:

Self Care Deficit r/t decrease range of joint movement and loss of limb aeb restricted bilateral hand movement and immobility. Does it sound like I am on the right track?

I can't do any care plans on what we have already done them on. Only on Primary diagnosis or Psychsocial. I'm thinking i'll be able to go further with goals with the Primary diagnosis - Metabolic Encephalopathy due to alcoholism and diabetes. Tell me what you think.

nurseprnRN, BSN, RN · Apr 21, 2014

Is this a nursing assessment or a list of medical diagnoses and symptoms? (Hint: It's not Door A.)

You can't make any nursing diagnosis without a nursing assessment. You can make an educated guess as to what you MIGHT see, but it's not worth the paper it's printed on if it's not based on nursing assessment.

Esme12, ASN, BSN, RN · Apr 21, 2014

Thank you and sorry for not posting the assessment.
A 63 year old male with history of alcoholism, diabetes mellitus (brittle), anemia and depression disorder as well as chronic kidney disease. He has OT and PT x2 daily; hands are contracted and ® BKA. Pt has foley cath and has history of constipation. Stage 1 pressure ulcer with excoriation. I am thinking my nursing diagnosis will be:
Self Care Deficit r/t decrease range of joint movement and loss of limb aeb restricted bilateral hand movement and immobility. Does it sound like I am on the right track?
I can't do any care plans on what we have already done them on. Only on Primary diagnosis or Psychsocial. I'm thinking i'll be able to go further with goals with the Primary diagnosis - Metabolic Encephalopathy due to alcoholism and diabetes. Tell me what you think.

is this a real patient?

It is so much harder when they are not and you are not given a full assessment.

Looking at self care deficit....break down Self care Deficit into 5 different categories: Feeding, Dressing/Grooming, Bathing Hygiene, Toileting,

NANDA-I Definition: Impaired ability to perform or complete activities of daily living for oneself, such as feeding, dressing, bathing, toileting, Transferring/ambulation.

Common Related Factors

Neuromuscular impairment

Musculoskeletal impairment

Impaired mobility or transfer ability

Cognitive impairment

Perceptual impairment

Fatigue, weakness

Pain

Severe anxiety

Decreased motivation

Environmental barriers

Defining Characteristics

Inability to feed self independently

Inability to dress self independently

Inability to bathe and groom self independently

Inability to perform toileting tasks independently

Inability to transfer from bed to wheelchair

Inability to ambulate independently

Inability to perform miscellaneous common tasks such as telephoning and writing

So...lets say feeding self care deficit related to Musculoskeletal impairment (contracted hands) AEB by Inability to feed self independently (list patients difficulties)Inability to dress self independently....blah blah blah.

But there are other important diagnosis that apply....

Is this patient confused? You state the patient is a brittle diabetic is the glucose under control (risk for unstable glucose)? They have a stage one (impaired skin). Are the still drinking? Risk for liver. Renal fluid is there edema?

Episteme · Apr 22, 2014

Self-Care Deficit... hmmmm. Hold that thought for a minute. That is his most obvious diagnosis. It is not necessarily his priority diagnosis. If this guy is a brittle diabetic, and he tanks his blood sugar, His self-care situation is moot. If he is in renal failure and his serum potassium gets too high... self-care deficit really won't matter... six feet under.

Have you fully assessed this guy for needs that are fundamentally, physiologically more urgent? Self-care is kind of a higher order need. He could be dead before you could get him to help with his ADL's.

dudette10, MSN, RN · Apr 26, 2014

He has metabolic encephalopathy as his medical diagnosis. Where is your neuro assessment?

To a working nurse, the medical diagnosis gives us clues on what we MIGHT see when we walk in a room, but what we DO see is the basis for our nursing care plan. Something to remember.