HELP, Instructor wants Patho on Care Plan for PP patient.

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The Cesarean section is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the United States. Also known as a C-section, this procedure is used to deliver a baby from the womb. C-sections can be planned, scheduled, or as an emergency procedure. Rarely, a physician will approve and perform the procedure upon the request of the mother, but this is not a recommended method of delivery if Read more.... it is not medically necessary.

It is a surgical procedure which requires partial or complete anesthesia, and it involves exposure of both mother and baby to complications which can range from moderate to severe. Some circumstances under which the surgery is performed are; a prolonged or extended period of hard' labor (the pushing stage) in which the mother makes no progress in delivering; drop in fetal heart rate; the pelvic structure may not be adequate to deliver the head, abruption of the placenta, etc.

Once the need for the surgery is confirmed, the patient is given a spinal epidural, which will numb the mother from the waist down. Once she is numbed, she is draped and prepped in the operating room. A three to five inch incision is made below the naval, right above the pelvic bone. The doctor then uses a cauterizing device to cut through the abdominal fat and muscle layers. Once done, spreaders will be placed, and the doctor commences to make another incision, this time into the uterus. Suction is used to remove amniotic fluid, and the doctor will then reach in to grasp the infant. The baby is then gently removed and the umbilical cord cut. The baby is now born.

Pathophysiology of Cesarean Section | Reference.com Answers

After the delivery, the doctor will suture first the uterus, and then the abdomen. Stitches, tape, staples or glue may be used. The recovery period is usually about six weeks. Physical activity should be limited at first, and gradually increased as tolerated. It can be a painful recovery due to the cutting of muscles, nerve and skin.

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Most of the physiologic changes occurring during a cesarean delivery are secondary to the physiologic adaptations to pregnancy, the medical or obstetrical complication affecting the mother, or secondary to obstetrical complications directly related to the pregnancy (eg, preeclampsia). The method of anesthesia used to perform the procedure also influences the physiologic adaptations that the mother undergoes during the procedure.

Before beginning the operation, inform the nursery so that a member of the nursery staff can be present to evaluate the baby after delivery and resuscitate as necessary.

[h=3]Laparotomy[/h]One option for entering the peritoneal cavity is to use a midline infraumbilical incision. This incision provides quicker access to the uterus. In pregnancy, entry is commonly enhanced by diastasis of the rectus muscles. This incision is associated with less blood loss, easier examination of the upper abdomen, and easy extension cephalad around the umbilicus.

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