I am an American Muslim and registered nurse. Men are very common in the nursing field in the middle east. In fact some years there are more men than women in nursing programs in Jordan. The reason for this has to do with the cultural preference for same sex nurses. It is not necessarily a religious preference and some cultures will be less tolerant of personal care given by the opposite sex. Muslims are very modest about their bodies and if you notice even the men in these countries cover most of their bodies in public. When they are in this country they are more apt to conform to the cultural standard here. In general, however, if you see a Muslim woman wearing a hijab (head covering) you can be sure that she will be most uncomfortable being touched by a man for personal care. This is something that you will explore in your sociocultural assessment. I think it will be acceptable to do vital signs and to get a history and things like that but EKGs and the like should be done by female staff if they are available. If you have an opportunity to care for a Muslim patient, man or woman, feel free to ask them about their religion. They will be glad to talk about it if they are not too sick. Use your good judgement about what is best for these patients (as you do for all your patients) and let that be your guide in caring for Muslim patients. Also don't forget that most Muslims are not Arabs.