According to the Centers for Disease Control, STANDARD PRECAUTION is the outgrowth of UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION (UP). Universal Precaution was first introduced in 1987 to prevent the spread or the transmission of bloodborne pathogens to the health care providers. However, in 1996 the concept of STANDARD PRECAUTION (SP) was established to expand the course of up. STANDARD PRECAUTION now constitutes the primary strategy to prevent the transmission of infectious agents not only to the health care personnel but also to patients and hospital visitors. Hence, gowning, wearing of a mask, gloving, and the use of protective barriers are just components of the popular Standard Precaution. I hope this helps. For more info and updates, please visit Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.