JoJo I work in acute care, so I do not have much experience in Mental Health. I am currently heading up our institutions restraint task force. The Joint Commission and HCFA which are both regulatory agencies that certify a facility for Medicare reimbursment. Currentl the standards are becoming more strict. Restraints can only be used when all least restrictive measures have been attempted and failed. And the documentation must be complete and the assessments must be ongoing. In long term facilities restraints are not alternatives. The philosphy of our facility is that confusion is a symptom that needs to be treated. Hope this is helpful. I would interested to learn about your restraint practices. ------------------