I feel lost

Your post isn't very clear, but it sounds as though you are blaming a single bad teacher for not preparing you for a nursing job. If you didn't learn how to do specific skills (and you don't mention which skills you failed to learn), then make sure your preceptor knows to go over those particular skills with you. And when you do, make sure you don't bad mouth your teacher and blame her for your failure.

Your written communication needs work -- perhaps English is not your first language? Documentation is just written communication, so posting on this forum is an excellent way to practice good writing.

Nursing school does not really prepare you to be a fully functioning nurse. There is no way even the best program can teach every skill you might need to master during your career, nor should it. What nursing school does do is prepare you to start your career knowing the basics required for entry level nursing. A good program will teach you how to continue learning as a nurse which you should always do. No matter how much experience you gain or how much you think you know there is always something new to learn.

The teacher you are speaking so poorly of might or might not have been a great teacher, but she obviously directed your education well enough for you to pass the program as well as pass the NCLEX. Since you did pass the NCLEX your state BON has determined that you did indeed learn enough to know the minimum basics required for safe practice. For the job specific skills you need, you should be prepared to learn those on the job, ideally during your orientation or with the help of either a preceptor or willing co-workers when you are on your own.