Well actually in my studies I've learnt that bruising is commonly but mistakenly called ecchymosis - brusies are caused by trauma (such as an elderly person scratching too hard, or someone knocking themselves or hitting an area and bursting blood vessels. e.g trauma caused by something outside the body). However ecchymosis is a form of purpura, and is caused by something internal to the body, such as vascular, platelet or coagulation disorders. So just to clarify, bruises are caused by trauma to an area where as ecchymosis is the rupturing of blood vessels due to an issue internally.