so if I have a pt with a history of heart failure I could confirm with the CVP of 10 for example that there is to much fluid on the heart causing failure thus causing the CVP to go up. If the CVP was within normal range I would know that its not fluid causing the issue and maybe its a contraction issue needing an inotrope drug. Is that closer to the right track? by the way, thank you for taking the time to give me all that info, it was very well written and a great help!! My test is thursday, last semester before graduation and I really want to understand this!!