tee hee, busted, I'm in this class too, here's a few things to think about: the word 'always' in the first option, it bothers me, there could be other reasons for this (think occlusion, kinking etc) look up a heimlich valve and see how it is used/ what it is used for third one, do those things signal a medical emergency, how would they be related to an UWSD? do you want an airtight seal? what is an UWSD used for? Is an UWSD airtight? what would be the result of using an airtight seal. Cheerio, hope you do well in the assignment but I would suggest that the discussion forums for the topic would be a more appropriate place to ask questions. I am not convinced that UWSDs are postgraduate material, this question requires only the most basic knowledge of an UWSD which will be useful in many different wards from medical to cardiothorasic.