Hey younger LPN, Best thing, obviously, is to have the doctor explain it to you. I will try and help you along, but sometimes words alone are unhelpful. I am not giving you any treatment advice, since that is not what you are asking for. you seem to just want to have clarification of what different disorders in order to further educate yourself. i should be fine in posting a reply. The above picture is an omphalocele. During development, the GI tract goes out into the unmilical cord in order complete the elongfation, twisting, and other developmental processes that are required when we are growing in our mother's stomach. What you see is the abdominal contents still present in the umbilical cord. That part of the body, the umbilicul, never fully closed. Do you notice that is is surrounded by a membrane, the umbilical cord? now, this may be a little large, but it is not massive by any means. This here is an example of exstrophy. This occurs when our body does not form properly as well. Our bodies start off as a flat disc. (I am going to skip a whole bunch of steps here to get to the main point). our bodies need to bend and fold in order to make a cyliner that is able to sustain life and allow for room of our internal organs to grow, etc... (again, this is horribly simplified.) Take a flat peice of paper, then roll it so that the ends touch each other. now you have a cylinder. in extrophy, the ends did not meet and did not fuse. notice the abdominal contents are outside of teh umbilical tube? The problem here was NOT that the GI tract went onto the body from the umbilical cord, rather it was that the body did not meet in the middle and fuse properly. Finally, the hernia. first you will notice that there is skin around it, not a membrane like the first picture. you will also notice that everything seemed to be developed right, but for some reason there is a protrusion coming from the abdominal area. So, the body folded correctly, the GI tract developed appropriately, and then the contents went back into the body like they were supposed to. So, what went wrong? The FASCIA. This is one of the hardest concepts to understand! The fascia is a fibrous layer that is strong and will help hold different structures in their body compartments in place, so they are not just moving around. For some reason, the fascia that is present at that area has weakened and have allowed the GI contents to begin bulging out of the body. if you were to take a balloon and blow it up half way, the balloon would be round and all the "membrane" is the same thickness. If you squeeze that balloon, one area of the balloon "bulges out" and that membrane in noticeably thinner than the rest of the balloon's membrane. Is a sense, due to and increase in pressure (or loss of integrity of the membrane), the bulge is able to occur. this is the hernia. I know this is wordy. I hope this has helped you.