Literature supports that when calculating I & O for a patient with a continuous bladder irrigation, the nurse subtracts the irrigation volume from the volume in the urinary drainage bag to have the total urinary output. What about the rest of the I & O? What about the IV infusion volume and the PO intake? What if the patient has a JP, hemovac or received a blood transfusion? How do you calculate the total urinary output when a patient has a continuous bladder irrigation?