orthopedics

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hi. i'm confused about when to do internal fixation and when to do external fixation

likewise when to do open reduction and when close ... is there any general principal or anatomical distribution about indication of each technique ... or we have to remember separately fr every bone

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Specializes in Complex pedi to LTC/SA & now a manager.

Internal vs external and open vs closed is not within nursing scope. This is a surgeon determination based upon multiple clinical factors, type of fracture, what other structures and tissues are affected. You may find the answers in a medical text book for orthopedic surgeons but not in a nursing text. Nursing would be procedure prep and aftercare

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thanks for guidance... actually i googled this question to get some answer and some relevant info was found on this site which was very helpful but not exactly same so i though i might get my answer here

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