Drugs and their Antidotes!!!

[joycee8]

I hope this will help us! If you can find some errors, I would very much appreciate any corrections.

Drugs and Their Antidotes

1. acetaminophen - acetylcycteine

2. benzodiazepine - flumazenil

3. coumadin - vitamin k

4. curare - tensilon

5. cyanide poisoning - methylene blue

6. digitalis - digibind

7. ethylene poisoning - antizol

8. heparin - protamine sulfate

9. iron - desferal

10. lead - edetate disodium (edta), dimercaprol (bal), succimer (chemet)

11. lovenox - protamin sulfate

12. magnesium sulfate - calcium gluconate

13. morphine sulfate - naloxone hydrochloride

14. methotrexate - leucovorine

15. mestinon - atropine sulfate

16. neostigmine - pralidoxime chloride (pam)

17. penicillin - epinephrine

18. vincristine (oncovin) - hyaluronidase,also apply moderate heat to disperse drug and minimize sloughing. (oncovin - iv administration only)

Poison Antidotes

orificenic---------------------------------------------------------------dimercaprol, succimer

barbiturates(phenobarbital)---------------------------------urine alkalinization, dialysis, activated charcoal

beta-blockers------------------------------------------------------glucagon

caffeine, metaproterenol, theophylline------------------esmolol

carbon monoxide------------------------------------------------100% oxygen, hyperbaric o2

cholinesterase inhibitors--------------------------------------atropine

cyanide---------------------------------------------------------------nitrite, sodium thiosulfate

ethylene glycol-----------------------------------------------------ethanol

gold--------------------------------------------------------------------dimercaprol

heparin---------------------------------------------------------------protamine sulfate

iron salts-------------------------------------------------------------deferoxamine

isoniazid--------------------------------------------------------------vitamin b6

lead--------------------------------------------------------------------caedta, dimecaprol, succimer

methanol------------------------------------------------------------ethanol, fomepizole, dialysis

methemoglobin/cyanide poisoning------------------------methylene blue

muscarinic receptor blockers---------------------------------physostigmine

opioids----------------------------------------------------------------naloxone

organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitors------------pralidoxime

phencyclidine hydrochloride(pcp)--------------------------ng suction

quinidine, tca's-----------------------------------------------------sodium bicarbonate

salicylates------------------------------------------------------------urine alkalinization,dialysis, activated charcoal

snake bites----------------------------------------------------------antivenin

tissue plasmogen activator (tpa), streptokinase-------aminocaproic acid

warfarin---------------------------------------------------------------vitamin k, ffp

Do you have some additional info????? pls share it! thanks! :typing

God bless!!!

[splintersurgeon]

lovenox has no antidote . penicllin has no antidote . allergies , you can give epinephrine

[joycee8]

Ohh! Really?Thanks for that info splintersurgeon. So I guess my source right now is mistake, but lovenox is anticoagulant like heparin???

I remember during our pharma class that if a patient has anaphylactic shock then must need epinephrine, and our book and clinical instructor says that also, infact it's one of the question in our test, I've got it right. Then my source right now, said that epinephrine is the antidote of penicillin, I just figure out maybe because anaphylactic shock is a common side effect of penicillin. Does this make sense???

[hypocaffeinemia, BSN, RN]

Epinephrine isn't an antidote in the traditional sense of the term. It's a therapy modality for anaphylaxis (which could be due to any drug).

[splintersurgeon]

Actually penillicillin , and its derivatives including cephalosporins , their common side effect is allergy or anaphylaxis. Anaphylactic shock is one severe form of allergy. Low molecular weight heparin like lovenox dont need an antidote since its milder form compared to the unfractionated heparin . My sources ncsbn learningext and pharmacology by goodman. I can vouch for it - I am also a surgeon from another country

[joycee8]

Ok, now I understand! Hehehe! Thanks for the good input dr..... I graduated my nursing school from other country too. God bless!

[splintersurgeon]

Good luck in your exam . God bless . dont be intimidated by the exam , you can do it . anything ur not sure of , verify always . remember you can always reschedule if ur not ready

[nclexRNtaker]

So I'm a self proclaimed pharm dork:bow:.. Anyone up for a quick review?

What're the antidotes/drug of choice for the following?

Iron toxicity?

Lead toxicity?

Heparin?

Coumadin?

Digoxin?

Narcs?

Benzos?

Atropine?

Thrombolytics?

Extrapyramidal Syndrome?

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?

[yellowflowers]

iron -deferoxamine

lead-chelating agent

heparin- protamin sulfate

cumadin- vit k

digoxine-digoxine immune fab

narcotic-dolophine

[nclexRNtaker]

Iron toxicity? - Desferal Mesylate

Lead toxicity? - EDTA

Heparin? - Protamine Sulfate

Coumadin? - Vitamin K

Digoxin? - Digibind

Narcs? - Narcan

Benzos? - Romazicon

Atropine? - Physostigmine Salicylate

Thrombolytics? - Amino Caproic Acid

Extrapyramidal Syndrome? - Cogentin/Artane

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome? - Dantrolene/Parlodel

[caliotter3]

Thanks, this is a good review.

[SEDK]

Actually, and I know this is old but I teach nursing and hate to see information that's incorrect, but Protamine is used to neutralize Lovenox. Always check your sources and information. Including your sources sources if needed. It doesn't matter if they're a doctor from the US, another country, or another planet, you need to be sure because it's your practice and not theirs. Think if it this way, you're sitting in court, your patient bled to death and the attorney says you didn't know protamine sulfate was the antidote? You say, "well I thought I did but this dr. from another country online told me it wasn't". I'm sure since this post is so old you've come a long way in your practice. I still wanted to put it out there so other new nurses may benefit.SarahPer the Cleaveland clinic it's 1mg of Protamine SIVP for 1 mg of Lovenox.

For treatment of overdose:Protamine (either the sulphate or hydrochloride salt) should be administered in more serious cases. The anticoagulant effect of the drug is inhibited by protamine. A slow i.v. injection of protamine will almost completely neutralize the anticoagulant activity of enoxaparin (i.e., the anti-IIa activity); however, the anti-Xa activity is only partially neutralized (maximum about 60%). The dose of protamine should be identical to the dose of enoxaparin injected, that is, 1 mg or 100 units of protamine to neutralize the anti-IIa activity generated by 1 mg enoxaparin. Particular care should be taken to avoid overdosage with protamine. The half-life of enoxaparin should be taken into account when calculating the neutralizing dose of protamine to avoid overdosage. The rate of administration of protamine should not exceed 50 mg in any 10-minute period since administration that is too rapid can cause severe hypotensive and anaphylactoid-like reactions.