Visiting hours and quality of care: an unscientific study

Nurses General Nursing

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I work at a medium sized community hospital, on a mixed unit; meaning we have several intensive care beds on our floor, and several more stepdown/med-surg beds. We have had a change of leadership lately, and one of the changes that this new leadership has instituted has been to restrict visiting hours significantly. In the past it has always been up to the discretion of the RN who can visit, for how long, etc. There were policies in place, but they were very loosely enforced. Now it is expected that we adhere to these policies with no flexibility whatsoever (the only allowable exception being a hospice/comfort care patient).

Let me tell you how this is working out: the day nurses love this system. The get to get all of their work done, and not deal with visitors until the very end of their shift. The night nurses on the other hand hate the system. We are the ones who come in to work with family members breathing down our necks for the first hour of our shift, and then we are forced to be the ones who tell them they have to leave. When a post-operative patient in horrific pain is crying because you're telling her that her mother has to leave, you don't feel like you are providing good patient care. We as night nurses agreed to speak to said leadership today regarding how these policies are affecting us on nights, and were met basically with a stone wall. "These are the policies and you have to enforce them."

What is bothering me the most is that we are not being given any facts or evidence to back up these policies. I have been doing some research on my own, and most of what is out there seems to point to the opposite: less restrictive visiting policies seem to improve quality of care, as well as patient satisfaction. My research, as well as discussions with other RN's at other facilities in the area seems to point to a national trend in the opposite direction of that in which my institution is headed.

So, my question to all of you is what have you experienced in this respect? What visiting policies are in place where you work, and how strictly are they enforced? Are you allowed to use your nursing judgement at all in deciding who stays and who goes, or is it completely out of your hands? How have you seen these policies affect patient outcomes, and satisfaction?

P.S. It would help me if when you answer the above questions that you provide me with the type of unit that you work on, as well as the geographic location (you don't have to be specific, northeast, etc would be fine.)

Specializes in M/S, MICU, CVICU, SICU, ER, Trauma, NICU.

We have very, very limited visiting in recovery. When it's time for the visiting to "start," we send them to their room.

Hence, NO VISITORS.

Love it.

Specializes in M/S, MICU, CVICU, SICU, ER, Trauma, NICU.
Times have changed, its now a free for all. Its very hard to finish the smallest task without interruptions. Every case is different, but many times you just finish explaining a lengthy explanation to someone and a long lost cousin walks in, and you end up doing it all over again.Its hard to get out on time.

I give all the info to ONE person who can be responsible for giving out the info.

I don't like playing "telephone" with so many people.

I'm not information central--that's the family member's job.

I can, however, explain as needed to the ONE SPOKESPERSON about what's going on.

But that's it.

Limit setting is VERY important.:cool:

Specializes in Public Health, TB.

I work in the NW and we have posted visiting hours, noon to 2030 but they are seldom enforced unless people are unruly. It would be up to the nurses to enforce them and no one wants the hassle. We get yelled enough for bad food, no show docs, delays in tests.

Last year during the H1N1 season, we had some restrictions on visitors and it was wonderful. Volunteers were at every entrance screening visitors. Anyone with cold or flu like symptoms and children

The floor was so much quieter: nurses were less stressed and the patients seemed to rest better. Our OHS patients get so worn out trying to entertain visitors that they struggle to do the IS and ambulation they need.

Sure, I set limits, but I didn't sign up for crowd control and yahoos shrieking at me.

Specializes in PACU, LTC, Med-Surg, Telemetry, Psych.

You need limits. Some family members are cool and I am down with being able to visit a loved one..

... but let's face it - many are very disruptive, demanding, and just come in at bad times.

However, there is a "customer service" movement in health care which undermines this many places and administrators give the family whatever they want.

This will never fly at LTC, though... LTC is viewed as the resident's "home".

Specializes in PICU.

Your new boss sounds behind the times. The shift is towards family centered care, not away from it.

When I started in a PICU 20+ years ago, we restricted visiting during shift change for ~ 1hr. A few years later, we did away with restricted visiting hours, though we still generally keep it to 2 at a bedside, sometimes 4 if 2 are the parents. In the case of a terminal child, we pretty much allow unrestricted visitors, unless we need to do a procedure. Yes, sometimes it does make things a little harder on the nursing staff, but then, it's not about us.

If we have trouble with visitors who become belligerent, we call security. We don't take abuse or fight with them.

I work at a medium sized community hospital, on a mixed unit; meaning we have several intensive care beds on our floor, and several more stepdown/med-surg beds. We have had a change of leadership lately, and one of the changes that this new leadership has instituted has been to restrict visiting hours significantly. In the past it has always been up to the discretion of the RN who can visit, for how long, etc. There were policies in place, but they were very loosely enforced. Now it is expected that we adhere to these policies with no flexibility whatsoever (the only allowable exception being a hospice/comfort care patient).

Let me tell you how this is working out: the day nurses love this system. The get to get all of their work done, and not deal with visitors until the very end of their shift. The night nurses on the other hand hate the system. We are the ones who come in to work with family members breathing down our necks for the first hour of our shift, and then we are forced to be the ones who tell them they have to leave. When a post-operative patient in horrific pain is crying because you're telling her that her mother has to leave, you don't feel like you are providing good patient care. We as night nurses agreed to speak to said leadership today regarding how these policies are affecting us on nights, and were met basically with a stone wall. "These are the policies and you have to enforce them." What is bothering me the most is that we are not being given any facts or evidence to back up these policies. I have been doing some research on my own, and most of what is out there seems to point to the opposite: less restrictive visiting policies seem to improve quality of care, as well as patient satisfaction. My research, as well as discussions with other RN's at other facilities in the area seems to point to a national trend in the opposite direction of that in which my institution is headed.

So, my question to all of you is what have you experienced in this respect? What visiting policies are in place where you work, and how strictly are they enforced? Are you allowed to use your nursing judgement at all in deciding who stays and who goes, or is it completely out of your hands? How have you seen these policies affect patient outcomes, and satisfaction?

P.S. It would help me if when you answer the above questions that you provide me with the type of unit that you work on, as well as the geographic location (you don't have to be specific, northeast, etc would be fine.)

Welcome to the 18th century. Does your management also promote leaches and bleeding the patients? This policy pretty much goes against every bit of patient centered care research out there.

This study is from 1995 (ie 15 years ago):

Improved outcomes and patient satisfaction with flexible visiting hours:

Contracted visiting hours in the coronary care uni... [Nurs Clin North Am. 1995] - PubMed result

Here are the CCM clinical guidelines for the support of the family in the ICU. Look at the section on visitation:

Wolters Kluwer Health

Basically the evidence supports more flexible visiting hours.

Here's a recent study that shows a lower death rate in MI patients with patient centered care:

Mortality among Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Influences of PatientBased Medicine - Meterko - 2010 - Health Services Research - Wiley Online Library

I work in a large southern teaching hospital in the surgical ICU. We have unrestricted visiting hours. The families can come in at any time. They are encouraged to be present for rounds when the residents/PAs/NPs present the patients to the attendings. We even allow patients families to be present for codes if they wish. Right now the only exclusion is for procedures and that is being discussed. While our nursing staff and the providers were initially doubtful, its obvious that the vast majority of the patients do better in the presence of their loved ones. The family and the patient make better decisions (especially about end of life matters) if they have been able to observe family members and interact with them. Anecdotally I can related dozens of incidents where family members have alerted us to a change in the patients status or an abnormal presentation which has resulted in a better patient outcome.

Bottom line if I understand that you are only allowing families in for a couple of hours a day is that this policy is based on best practices from the Crimean war and your management should be deeply and totally ashamed.

Specializes in Critical Care.

Wow! My hospital did away with visting hours a few years ago. In an effort to be more family oriented and holistic, we no longer have any real restrictions to visitation. They can visit at any time of day or night. But, we do let them know that from 6-8 am/pm we will be in the process of shift change. So we ask them to either remain in the room quietly or they can leave the unit during those times. If they are constantly trying to bring in large groups of family, we can ask that only 2 visitors be in the room at a time. And this is the ICUs I'm talking about. The floors haven't had vistation restrictions in a very long time. The only places that are restricted are OR and PACU. And then the ED and CVRU is somewhat restricted.

We even have special chairs in the room that transforms into a cot for one person to sleep in the room.

Specializes in LTC, med/surg, hospice.

We don't enforce the visiting hours on my floor. It's general medical and the "signs" say visiting until 930 if I recall but people come in and out as they please.

I don't mind visitors but I don't think people should be able to just appear in the middle of the night (minus new admission that are arriving in the wee hours).

I've been startled a few times making rounds and there is a new person in the room at 3am when the patient was previously alone ALL night.

And of course as we have gone over in many other threads, there are different types of visitors that range from helpful to hindrance.

Specializes in neurology, cardiology, ED.
I work in a large southern teaching hospital in the surgical ICU. We have unrestricted visiting hours. The families can come in at any time. They are encouraged to be present for rounds when the residents/PAs/NPs present the patients to the attendings. We even allow patients families to be present for codes if they wish. Right now the only exclusion is for procedures and that is being discussed. While our nursing staff and the providers were initially doubtful, its obvious that the vast majority of the patients do better in the presence of their loved ones. The family and the patient make better decisions (especially about end of life matters) if they have been able to observe family members and interact with them. Anecdotally I can related dozens of incidents where family members have alerted us to a change in the patients status or an abnormal presentation which has resulted in a better patient outcome.

Bottom line if I understand that you are only allowing families in for a couple of hours a day is that this policy is based on best practices from the Crimean war and your management should be deeply and totally ashamed.

Thank you. This is the kind of response I was looking for.

Specializes in CCU, SICU, CVSICU, Precepting & Teaching.
well, i know i'm going to get flamed over this but here goes anyway.

i would love to be able to restrict visiting hours a lot more than we do now. we are suppossed to have visiting hours from 11:00 - 20:30, but visitors show up whenever they want. we (nurses) really have no power to make them go. i hate having to do am care with visitors in the room. they get in the way.

we try to inforce visiting hours but management won't back us up. when we tell visitors to wait until 11:00 to come in we get so many excuses and complaints that it just isn't worth our time to inforce it.

durings the sars outbreak, we were shut down to visitors (with a few exceptions) and it was wonderful! we could get care done. pts went to therapy without any problem. the psych unit said they saw a real differance in pt care and compliance with therapy because there were no visitors interfering with therapies. "oh please ms pt - come back in 1/2 hour because my daughter is here". none of that.

i don't want to go back to sars with no visitors, but i would really like to see visitors inforced more than we do now.

ok. flame away.

no flames here; i agree with you! visitors are the number one obstacle to good patient care!

The previous nursing home I worked at had no visiting hour or restrictions at all. If you've ever been in a nursing home you know the hours between breakfast and 11am or so are crazy, with CNAs trying to do AM care on everyone and the nurse's trying to do meds on everyone. A lot of people are going back and forth to the shower and almost everyone is in a semi-private room. A lot of people also seem to have to use the bedpan during this period of time. I don't think it's fair to someone in a semi-private to have to use the bedpan, be washed and dressed and hoyered out of bed with someone else's visitor in the room with them. No matter how carefully you close the curtains there are noises and odors and sometimes as someone is moving around the curtain can get pulled out of place.

The nursing home I work out currently has posted and enforced visiting hours of 11am to 8pm. The buliding is locked down between 8pm and about 6:30 am (opened in time for first shift to arrive). Anyone wanting to come in when the doors are locked must ring a bell and wait to be buzzed in.

There are exceptions. Anyone actively dying of course visitors are unrestricted and we will bring them hospitality carts and do what we can to keep them comfortable. Sometimes there are people they transfer to us from the hospital still in the midst of a serious delerium and the only way we can keep them is if someone will stay (we don't have the staff or capacity for 1 to 1 and restraints are never, ever allowed). Sometimes a family member will come in for a few days from out of town, like a daughter from the other side of the country, and they are given special permisson to come in early or stay late on a case by case basis.

I work in CA in a very busy ICU floor. We allow 24/7 visiting except during shift change and bedside procedures. My co-workers and I hate this policy. The hospital sites a study that showed patient/family satisfaction and perception of care was better by allowing visitors 24/7. The problem with the study is that it was done on non-ICU units.

In my opinion, having 24/7 visitors in a Critical Care Unit hinders care. Bedside nurses are forced to deal with demanding/needy family members in addition to patient care. This takes away from the bedside and ability of the nurse to care for a critical patient. It's gotten so bad, that sometimes treatment of the patient is dictated by what the family members want (even though the family doesn't have a medical background) to prevent a lawsuit. We have had family member take notes, walk through a closed door while we're doing patient care and get in the way of physically caring for patients. My unit is always busy, always short staffed and the nurses are being asked to do more with less because of budget. This not only compromises patient care but puts the nurses' license on the line. We've had several mistakes happen on the floor despite having vigilant nurses. Does management listen? Of course not, because of the almighty patient/family surveys.

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