I'm not a pedi nurse so my answer is based on adult ortho experience. Look for tight swelling in the affected extremity and decreased ability to palpate pulses. Also look for symptoms of increasing uncontrollable pain, regardless of analgesics. If we ever suspect that compartment syndrome is a possibility or is developing, we place continuous pulse oximetry to a toe or finger of the affected extremity. The O2 sats will be lower in that extremity than other extremities if compartment syndrome is developing.
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