All "ICU" patients are 1:1. All "HDU" patients will be 1:2 (what constitutes ICU and HDU is another story)
ALL ventilated pt's are 1:1. Always.
Staffing here (like any ward) is an issue but we deal with it as best we can. We do overtime (only if we want to) and have an on-call roster to help cover retrievals. If we cant staff the unit, Nursing Admin will get us staff (sometimes very reluctantly!) or some poor bugger from the ward will get flicked up to us. The casuals/ward staff will have HDU patients and core ICU staff will staff your vents/critically ill patients.
That being said, I work in a public hospital in a regional area in Australia, a very different system to that of the US (from my understanding). Our Management do give a damn (they know its on their head if we cant staff). Just last night (while i was doing my arvo/night double!) i had to forward a call onto the Team Leader from an irate anaesthetist who accused her of putting patients lives in danger by not having a bed for a post-op, and subsequently tried to lecture her on the state of the health care service. Do the maths mate, all 12 beds full = no more space for
anyone. We ended up having to push a pt that wasn't really wardable up to the wards at 3am to get this post-op (now you tell me that accepting that ICU patient and therefore pushing the "ward" pt out isn't putting their life at risk?)
needless to say, i don't ever see myself entering into management