Originally Posted by Hospice Nurse LPN
Does your pt have history of alcohol or drug (legal or illegal) use? This is something I always ask.....not to judge, but because when folks have a history pain will be harder to manage. And don't forget "spiritual pain". I totally agree with river1951 about everything suggested.
People who have a history of drug or alcohol use often take much larger doses to achieve the same results. They may also manifest their "spiritual pain" in physical symptoms. It doesn't make it any less real to them, but it does make it more difficult to achieve comfort for them.
Everybody has their favorite, but this little book packs a lot of good information into a fairly small size. Our medical director recommended it and I have found it to be a good resource for thinking through issues:
Symptom Management Algorithms by Linda Wrede-Seaman