• Energy released during certain metabolic reactions can be trapped to form ATP from ADP and VP (phosphate). Addition of a VP to a molecule is called phosphorylation.
• During substrate-level phosphorylation, a high-energy VP (phosphate) from an intermediate in catabolism is added to ADP to produce ATP.
• During oxidative phosphorylation, energy released as electrons are passed to a series of electron acceptors (an electron transport chain) and finally to O2 or another inorganic compound.
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